Human Trafficking in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]
Street Children in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]
Child Prostitution in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]
 

Prevalence, Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children

Federal Republic of Nigeria                                                      [ Country-by-Country Reports ]

The Federal Republic of Nigeria is located in W Africa [map] and is bordered by the Gulf of Guinea (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean) (S), by Benin (W), by Niger (NW & N), by Chad (NE), and by Cameroon (E).  Abuja is its capital and Lagos is its largest city.  The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth - Nigeria is Africa's most populous country - and the country, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food.

 

CAUTION:  The following links and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Nigeria.  Some of these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated or even false.  No attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content.

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Area Boys -- A Growing Menace On The Streets Of Lagos

A group of armed street children is on the rampage in the streets of Lagos, harassing motorists and pedestrians and extorting money from them.

SORRY STORY OF NIGERIA’S STREET KIDS: Wasted by poverty in the land

Their outlook paints a vivid picture of their state of helplessness. They appear unkempt and totally hopeless of what the future holds. In their tattered clothes, they find homes in the most filthy and awkward places like abandoned buildings, under overhead  bridges and school premises. Usually, they retire to these “abodes” at dusk and dash out early in the morning before the  prying eyes of security agents or the rightful owners of the structures turn out for business.

 

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UNICEF - The Big Picture

U.S. Dept of Labor Bureau of International Labor Affairs

INCIDENCE AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - In urban areas, children work as domestic servants, street hawkers, vendors, beggars, scavengers, shoe shiners, car washers/watchers, and bus conductors.

Bur of Democracy, Human Rights & Labor - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2005

SECTION 6 WORKER RIGHTS – [d] Economic hardship resulted in high numbers of children working to enhance meager family income. Children frequently were employed as beggars, street peddlers, bus conductors, and domestic servants in urban areas. Little data was available to analyze the incidence of child labor. The National Modular Child Labour Survey Nigeria conducted the only survey available between 2000 and 2001. The survey reported approximately 15 million children working in the country. Of these, more than six million were not attending school and more than two million were working 15 or more hours per day.

Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) - 2005

[69] In view of the increasing number of children living and working on the street and street families, the Committee regrets the lack of information about specific mechanisms and measures to address their situation.

[73] The Committee notes with appreciation the State party’s ratification of the ILO Convention No. 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and the ILO Convention No. 182 concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor in October 2002. However, it remains concerned at the significant number of children in Nigeria working as domestic servants, in plantations, in the mining and quarrying sector, and as beggars on the streets.

Nigeria: What to Do With Street

He said the Child Rights Act as enacted has given the government some powers to prosecute parents or guardians who maltreat children by sending them to beg or hawk on the streets when they should be in school. Badru added that such children, after some time, are forced into armed robbery or even become tools in the hands of robbers who used them as gun keepers because they are underage.

"For example, in Lagos, people come from all parts of the country to 'hustle'; it is now getting to an alarming stage where you see underage children come on their own. So when this happens there is no where to stay except under the bridges. They join bad gangs and many other vices and armed robbers use them as an opportunity to keep guns because they are under aged", he said.

Some other children, the special adviser also noted, aside running away from home because the guardians or parents are maltreating them, some parents even send them to be used as house helps elsewhere by collecting money.

"For those children, when they are maltreated there, they run away and knowing fully well that if he goes back home, he would be taken back there or to another place for the same purpose", he said.

Digital Diary: Nigerian street children tell their stories of life without security

Isaiah has spent 5 of his 15 years living on the streets of Lagos, Nigeria, the second largest city of Africa. Like hundreds of other children, he spends his days and nights in this sprawling metropolis trying to fend for himself.  “It is not easy living on the street but what can I do?” asks Isaiah, one of 25 children who have told their stories on Nigerian national radio through a UNICEF-supported project.  “I have two sisters that I have not seen in five years, I have smoked Indian hemp like other boys of my age, got beaten by bigger boys, robbed of my money, took my bath in the canal and slept under the bridge,” Isaiah says in one broadcast. “The good thing is that I am alive!”  Given the opportunity to go to school, Isaiah says he would like to become a lawyer. “I want to be defending people,” he explains.

Nigeria: First Ladies - To Be Or Not to Be?

Recently, the first lady of Bauchi State , Hajia Yagudu spoke about the plight of the Almajiris (street children).  This is an issue that has been on for so many years in most parts of northern Nigeria . Plenty of lip service has been paid to it but the problem still persists. The implications are all too telling. Thousands of school age children are out of school on the streets begging for alms.

Sisters Unite for Street Children

Ibrahim Tijani, a young boy of 17 said that he used to sleep under the bridge in Oshodi sometimes under a car or a bus or inside a dry gutter. He does not know his parents as he was left alone by his parents when he was three years old.  He started attending the Foutain of Life Church, Oshodi where they took a particular interest in him because they thought he was well behaved. He worshipped with them every time especially on Fridays for the night vigils and Sundays for worship. They accomodated him and  promised to help him settle down. Eventually, after two years of which he did not run away, a member of the church took him to the  Child Life Line Centre, Ibeshe vilage, Ikorodu where he currently resides. Since he is an old boy, he is learning the art of welding while the Centre takes care of his other needs.

For Street Children, What Kind of Future?

The problem of street children in several cities in Nigeria, especially, Lagos, the commercial nerve centre of the country, appears to have defied every solution. However, a private initiative, geared towards empowering their parents and enrolling the street kids in schools may resolve the age-long practice, if supported by the citizenry.

Pupils of Precious Childcare Foundation during an anniversary

“In some cases, their parents sent them out to go and bring money in; in fact, they had become bread winners for their parents and some are just abandoned children right from childhood. So I went through these experiences and I felt that something should be done to take care of this category of children,” she explained in an interview with the Nigerian Tribune.

Therefore, Princess Adetokunbo Wande Abimbola established a non-governmental organisation called Precious Childcare Foundation (PCF) in 1995 with the objective of educating and empowering the abandoned and neglected children as well as highlighting the social and health problems facing this group with a view to finding solutions to them.

It is a big mistake to be barren and not adopt

[The Vanguard, Nigeria, May 29, 2006]  For many years, the state of the Nigerian child has never been one of good tidings. In spite of public and private efforts geared at alleviating the sufferings of the Nigerian child, the reality stares us in the face  with children still hawking wares on the street, many too numerous to estimate not being in school and many at birth abandoned to fate on street corners and on rubbish heaps.  Those who are lucky among  these categories of people have landed in the padded arms of Rev. Mrs Dele George and hubby, co founders of the Strong Tower Mission who for years, have been on a mission to rescue abandoned  children.

What are the issues that make people abandon children?  Of course the issue is poverty. I would say that the national income per head in this country is still very low compared to Europe or US in spite of the fact that Nigeria is very blessed with material and mineral  resources and even manpower.

Area Boys -- A Growing Menace On The Streets Of Lagos

A group of armed street children is on the rampage in the streets of Lagos, harassing motorists and pedestrians and extorting money from them.

SORRY STORY OF NIGERIA’S STREET KIDS: Wasted by poverty in the land

Their outlook paints a vivid picture of their state of helplessness. They appear unkempt and totally hopeless of what the future holds. In their tattered clothes, they find homes in the most filthy and awkward places like abandoned buildings, under overhead  bridges and school premises. Usually, they retire to these “abodes” at dusk and dash out early in the morning before the  prying eyes of security agents or the rightful owners of the structures turn out for business.

Consortium for Street Children

Children work as vendors or hawkers, beggars, shoe shiners, car washers and watchers, head-loaders, scavengers and bus conductors. The majority are boys but there are a few girls. Street families, a variant of street living, are also becoming prominent

Dateline Nigeria — Tomorrow Can Wait

The entire urban landscape of Nigeria is filled with beggars and street children. Asking, begging, appealing for aid in daytime — and becoming aggressive, dangerous and violent in the cover of night.

NGO Periodic Report for Nigeria [DOC]

The number of children who live and sleep on the streets has been on the increase in most major urban areas in Nigeria. There are so many locations in which children are found to be living on the street. Street families are also becoming prominent in certain urban slum areas. These destitute families can be found living under bridges, in public toilets and in markets. Their children too are in extremely precarious condition and urgently require intervention and assistance.

Information on the Child Welfare League Of Nigeria [PDF]

In Lagos alone there are over 100,000 boys and girls living in the streets.  Under very harsh condition, they live in slums, market places, by refuse dumps and under bridges.

Social Correlates And Coping Measures Of Street-Children

OBJECTIVE: This paper sought to achieve two objectives: First, to identify the social correlates attributable to street-children in south-western Nigeria as well as predisposing factors to this behavior; second, it also tried to uncover the survival mechanisms of street children.

A community based study of patterns of psychoactive substance use among street children in a local government area of Nigeria

The nature of continuous exposure to the street and its associated lifestyles make street children vulnerable to the use of psychoactive substances.

Youth Get A Second Chance

1000 youth have been identified for an agricultural project under the ''Good Boys and Good Girls'' program. The youth will be placed on allocated land where they will farm cassava and maize, two of Nigeria's staple foods. They also will receive training in livestock breeding.

VSA Arts of Nigeria

VSA ARTS OF NIGERIA GOES AWAKENING THE CREATIVE OF THE LESS PRIVILEDGED CHILDREN - In a major drive to bring reformations and opportunities to these so called "Street Children" VSA arts of Nigeria has embarked on an Art awareness project at the Juvenile Remand & Rehabilitation center in Ibadan, Oyo state.

The EFA 2000 Assessment: Country Reports - Nigeria - Self Help Effort

12.2.9 RESCUING, REHABILITATION AND RETURNING STREET CHILDREN - The Street Children phenomenon in Nigeria is gradually assuming alarming proportions, particularly in urban areas. The immediate cause of this phenomenon appears to be deeply entrenched poverty

From Domestic Abuse to the Streets

It had been stated that in Nigeria children as young as four or five years old were sometimes taken into families as domestic helpers because their parents were poor or in debt. These children are prone to sexual abuse and exploitation. When ill treated, they run away and end up in the streets where they are vulnerable to commercial sexual exploitation (CSEC).  Lagos is reported to have the largest number of such street children in Nigeria.

Nigerian “Shade Tree Theatre” with Street Children

Shade Tree Theatre is a project with working children in the streets of Jos, Nigeria. It aims at enabling children to analyze problems they encounter and to come up with practical solutions to deal with them.

Street Children's Experiences In The Injustice System [DOC]

Amongst the list of practices that street children in Nigeria complained of in relation to the police was the enforced stripping of clothes even for female children.

Pre-trial detention of children has been found to last as much as one year. Some criminal cases are just left unattended to while children languish away on remand. Children in the homes feel the police have forgotten them there.

Children are not given the chance to speak or defend themselves; Children are held in handcuffs; Sometimes children become hopeless and feel like they want to die; Children do not reply to the police statement.

4. Addressing Child Labor and Promoting Schooling - a. Child Labor Initiatives

UNICEF has established a series of programs for street children in Nigeria and launched a collaborative project with ILO-IPEC specifically aiding the almajirai children. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) funded a study on street children in 1995, which was implemented by the Child Life Line, a local NGO. The Child Life Line opened centers to rehabilitate street children in Lagos based upon its findings, and in 1999, hosted a workshop to help other NGOs set up effective street children focused programs. Many other NGOs, such as the Child Project, Galilee Foundation, Kingi Kids, the Friends of the Disabled, and the Samaritans are also involved in efforts to rescue and rehabilitate street children.

Street Children And The Juvenile Justice System In Lagos State Of Nigeria

Report discusses the framework for the juvenile justice system in Lagos State and explores the challenges and problems of street children.

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Human Trafficking in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]
Street Children in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]
Child Prostitution in  [Nigeria]  [other countries]