Prevalence,
Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children In the first decade of the 21st Century gvnet.com/streetchildren/Kazakhstan.htm
|
|||||||||||
|
CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspect(s) of street life are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring how children got there, how they survive, and how
some manage to leave the street.
Perhaps your paper could focus on how some street children abuse the
public and how they are abused by the public … and how they abuse each
other. Would you like to write about
market children? homeless children? Sexual and labor exploitation? begging? violence? addiction? hunger? neglect? etc. There is a lot to the subject of Street
Children. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Summary Of
Fact-Finding Mission To Kazakhstan Maitland J. eurasianet.org/policy_forum/kazakhst030101a.shtml At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 6 June
2011] HOW ILLICIT DRUG USE
AFFECTS THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN KAZAKHSTAN - Young drug users and children of drug
users have the most difficulty coping. Children of arrested parents either go
to a relative’s home or to the children’s distribution center. (Ref. 10) The
drug treatment clinic Teen Challenge Kazakhstan tries to help children by
creating a drug-free environment with absolutely no police involvement. The
facility is maximum security, not to keep the "students" in, but to
keep out drug dealers and the police who try to arrest students. The facility
is uniquely known in the country for its confidentiality and lack of
corruption. ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/kazakhstan.htm [accessed 16
February 2011] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Children continue to be found begging, loading
freight, delivering goods in markets, washing cars, and working at gas
stations. Reports also indicate a rise
in the number of children engaged in commercial sexual exploitation,
pornography and drug trafficking in urban areas. Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61656.htm [accessed 9 February
2020] CHILDREN
-
Education is mandatory through age 16, or the ninth grade; elementary
schooling generally begins at age 6. Primary and secondary education was both
free and universal. The law provides for equal access to education by both
boys and girls. According to Ministry of Education figures, enrollment for
the year was estimated at over 98 percent of school-aged children. The law provides
for access to public education for refugee and illegal migrant children. In
some cases, these children were denied access to schools or their parents did
not attempt to enroll them out of fear of discovery and deportation. The government has
temporary detention shelters for homeless
minors until they can be returned to their parents or more permanently
placed. Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 6 June 2003 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/kazakhstan2003.html [accessed 16
February 2011] [74] The Committee
is extremely concerned at: (a) The increasing number of street children and
inappropriate policies and programmes implemented
by the juvenile affairs services to address this situation; (b) The inappropriateness of the preventive
measures and at the keeping of a special database on information on these
children being considered as social assistance with a view to preventing abandonment
and criminality; (c) The vulnerability
of street children to, inter alia, sexual abuse, violence, including from the
police, exploitation, exclusion from education, substance abuse, sexually
transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS and malnutrition. Committee on the
Rights of the Child At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 25
September 2011] Other areas of
concern included the following: the general lack of comprehensive information
on the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code; the lack of effective
measures to reduce and eliminate child labor; the growing involvement of
children in the sex industry and the apparent indifference of society towards
the issue of child prostitution; the lack of specialized centers to provide
services, including psychotherapeutic assistance, as well as recovery and
reintegration programs for child victims of sexual violence; the increasing
number of street children and the inappropriate policies and programs to
address this situation. Child Creekin.net At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 25
September 2011] Monitoring
www.svietimas.lt/english/researches/drop_outs.doc [accessed 6 June
2011] Drop-out is a
problem in Community
Heroes Rescue Families Operation Blessing
International, September 5th, 2002 www.ob.org/programs/medical_services/news/2002/ms_20020905_medexkazakstan.asp [accessed 6 June
2011] Nestled in a rural
village of southern Letter
to the E.U. General Affairs Council Human Rights Watch,
E.U.-Kazakhstan and E.U.-Kyrgyzstan Cooperation Council Meetings, July 5,
2004 www.hrw.org/en/news/2004/07/05/eu-kazakhstan-and-eu-kyrgyzstan-cooperation-council-meetings [accessed 6 June
2011] Juvenile Justice in
The Danish Centre
for Human Rights and UNICEF 2001, Evaluations and Reviews of Partnership Programmes, No 22, Assessment 2000 -- ISBN: 87-90744-50-0
-- ISSN: 1399-6029 www.humanrights.dk/files/pdf/Publikationer/eandr22.pdf [accessed 6 June
2011] www.streetchildrenresources.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/juvenile-justice-kazakhstan.pdf [accessed 19
December 2016] 2. SUMMARY OF
FINDINGS
- In the case of A
Generation at Risk - Children of Kazakstan and
Kyrgyzstan Armin Bauer, Nina Boschmann, David Green, and Kathleen Kuehnast.Manila:
Asian Development Bank (ADB), 1998, 158 pages -- ISBN: 971-561-097-8 www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Generation_at_Risk/default.asp [accessed 12 June
2011] ideas.repec.org/a/eee/asieco/v9y1998i4p671-677.html [accessed 19
December 2016] Children in Central
Asia are currently experiencing an enormous rift in what were once constants
in their everyday lives. In spite of the high regard for them in the Central
Asian societies, the transition has had devastating effects on many families.
Children bear much of the social costs of this transition period and are at
risk of losing the ability to realize their own development potential. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Street Children - |
