Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery Poverty drives the unsuspecting poor into the
hands of traffickers Published reports & articles from 2000 to 2025 gvnet.com/humantrafficking/UK.htm
The United Kingdom
(UK) is a significant destination and, to a lesser extent, transit country
for women, children, and men trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual
exploitation and forced labor, primarily from Eastern Europe, Africa, the
Balkans, and Asia (principally China, Vietnam, and Malaysia). Some victims,
including UK-resident children, are also trafficked within the country.
Migrant workers are trafficked to the UK for forced labor in agriculture,
construction, food processing, domestic servitude, and food services. - U.S. State Dept
Trafficking in Persons Report, June, 2009 Check out a later country report here and possibly a full TIP Report here |
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CAUTION: The following
links have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in the HOW TO USE THIS WEB-PAGE Students If you are looking for
material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this
page and others to see which aspects of Human Trafficking are of particular
interest to you. Would you like to
write about Forced-Labor? Debt
Bondage? Prostitution? Forced Begging? Child Soldiers? Sale of Organs? etc. On the other
hand, you might choose to include precursors of trafficking such as poverty and hunger. There is a lot to
the subject of Trafficking. Scan other
countries as well. Draw comparisons
between activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. HELP for Victims Crime Stoppers ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** How London became the
child abuse capital of the world Richard Hoskins, The
Daily Mail, Bangkok, 2 August 2014 [accessed 20 April
2015] Grace explains she
was brought from Nigeria to Britain where she was moved from house to house.
Then, after two years, she was flown to Bangkok. She works the
streets under the watchful gaze of a pimp because even in the hypocrisy of
Thailand she would be too young for the main sex bars. Here, between Nana
Plaza and Soi Cowboy, she has a ripe market of sex tourists, many of them
British. The more I ask
Grace, the less she tells. She glances over her shoulder. There’s fear in her
red-stained eyes. Eyes that have seen too much in so slight a body. For one
thing I do discover: Grace is 12 years old. Britain's
'invisible army' of African slaves Emily Dugan, The
Independent, 13 August 2007 www.alternet.org/economy/59724/britain%27s_invisible_labor_force%3A_african_children/ [accessed 19 April
2012] Dragan Nastic,
UNICEF Nigeria is believed
to be the main source country on the continent, where destitute families are
either paid for their children or persuaded to give them away believing that
they will receive an education and a better life in the UK. On arrival, children as young as 10 are
kept undercover from British society and forced to work as domestic slaves or
prostitutes. Behind closed and often locked doors, they work long days for no
money, are kept from school and beaten if the work is not done. ***
GETTING HELP *** NSPCC opens first
UK advice line to help combat child trafficking - 0800
107 7057 Press Release, 8
October 2007 ecpat.com/EI/Resource_newsclippings.asp?id=7 [accessed 15 August
2014] [accessed 11 October
2016] The NSPCC today (8
October 2007) launches the first advice and information line to protect
children trafficked to the UK for sexual exploitation, forced labour, drugs
transport, benefit fraud, and other crimes.
The NSPCC Child Trafficking Advice and Information Line (CTAIL) on
0800 107 7057 will help people working with children, such as immigration
officers, the police, social workers, teachers, and health workers, to better
identify and protect child victims. It will also shed light on the scale of
child trafficking in the “Identifying
trafficked children can be very difficult, even for a professional working in
social services or immigration. These children are incredibly vulnerable –
they might be regularly beaten, raped, denied food and basic comforts, and
have no access to healthcare or an education.
Trafficked children have often lost their trust in adults because of
the abuse they have suffered. They are afraid to ask for help for fear of
retaliation from their trafficker or being treated as criminals by the ***
ARCHIVES *** At Least 100,000
Victims of Modern Slavery Just in UK Judith Bergman, Gatestone Institute, International Policy Council, 14
August 2020 www.gatestoneinstitute.org/16265/modern-slavery-britain [accessed 14 August
2020] The protesters of
historical slavery could well be wearing clothes produced by the
marginalized, victimized modern slaves who have no access to the justice and
equality for which the protesters claim to be fighting. It is telling that both
public and private resources, as well as endless media coverage, are being
dedicated to the issue of "racist statues" and historical slavery,
while the plight of living, suffering modern slaves -- an issue that needs
tremendous effort to be tackled to even some degree -- barely interests
anyone. Human trafficking
gang guilty of selling women in Glasgow BBC News, 11 October
2019 www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-49813942 [accessed 12 October
2019] The women were
trafficked to the UK, usually by bus and car, having been promised a better
life and work. But when they arrived
they were sold for between between £3,000 and
£10,000 as part of a sham marriage scheme. The buyers were
mainly men from Pakistan who wanted EU citizenship so they could live and
work in Europe, and wanted the women to become their wives. Some of the victims were used as
prostitutes while others were abused by the men who bought them. During the court
case, a 28-year-old woman from Slovakia said she had thought that she and her
sister were leaving for jobs in London but she ended up in a flat in Govanhill with no job and no money. She said she was forced to marry the son
of a Pakistani man who had chosen her. Another woman told
the court she was brought over from her home town of Trebisov,
when she was four or five months pregnant, "for a better
life". She was handed over to a
Nepalese man outside Primark in Argyle Street in 2014 for £10,000. The woman also claimed that prior to being
sold, she was made to sleep with Pakistani men for
money and described this as "hitchhiking". Child victims of
human trafficking prosecuted despite CPS rules aamnamohdin, 17 Sep 2019 [accessed 18
September 2019] Instead of being
granted access to vital care and support following what is often brutal and
sustained abuse, vulnerable children and teenagers are being criminalised – resulting in lengthy custodial sentences,
which have a devastating impact on the rest of their lives.” James
Simmonds-Read, of the Children’s Society’s exploitation prevention programme, said that the decisions were the result of
ignorance and bad judgement. How I became a
victim of a modern slavery gang Duncan Staff, BBC
Panorama, 5 July 2019 [accessed 8 July
2019] The traffickers
enticed victims to the UK with bus tickets and the promise of well-paid work. Once here they were
taken to squalid terraced houses in West Bromwich and Birmingham. They were
held, jobless, under guard for weeks while the debts piled up. Every cigarette,
every bit of stale food they were given was added to the tally. Slowly,
steadily, they were ensnared. "That is the
isolation phase," says Detective Chief Inspector Nick Dale. "Later,
there are threats. The feeling that the traffickers are all-seeing: 'If they
leave the house we will find you; you'll go to the woods, and we'll dig a
hole'." 2020 Country Reports
on Human Rights Practices: United Kingdom U.S. Dept of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor, 30 March 2021 www.state.gov/reports/2020-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/united-kingdom/
[accessed 29 June
2021] PROHIBITION OF
FORCED OR COMPULSORY LABOR Forced labor
occurred in the UK involving both foreign and domestic workers, mainly in
sectors characterized by low-skilled, low-paid manual labor and heavy use of
flexible, temporary workers. Those who experienced forced labor practices
tended to be poor, living on insecure and subsistence incomes and in
substandard accommodations. Forced labor was normally more prevalent among
men, women, and children of the most vulnerable minorities or socially
excluded groups. The majority of victims were British nationals including
minors or young adults forced by criminal gangs to sell drugs. Albania and Vietnam
were the most likely foreign countries of origin for forced labor. Most labor
migrants entered the UK legally. Many migrants used informal brokers to plan
their journey and find work and accommodation in the UK, enabling the brokers
to exploit the migrants through high fees and to channel them into forced
labor situations. Many with limited English were vulnerable and trapped in
poverty through a combination of debts, flexible employment, and constrained
opportunities. Migrants were forced to share rooms with strangers in
overcrowded houses, and often the work was just sufficient to cover rent and
other subsistence charges. Forced labor was the most common form of
exploitation reported in the UK, followed by sexual exploitation. Migrant
workers were subject to forced labor in agriculture (especially in marijuana
cultivation), construction, food processing, service industries (especially
nail salons), and on fishing boats. Women employed as domestic workers were
particularly vulnerable to forced labor. PROHIBITION OF CHILD
LABOR AND MINIMUM AGE FOR EMPLOYMENT No cases of child
labor were reported in overseas British territories, but gaps in the law made
children vulnerable. Freedom House
Country Report 2020 Edition freedomhouse.org/country/united-kingdom/freedom-world/2020 [accessed 10 May
2020] G4. DO INDIVIDUALS
ENJOY EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY AND FREEDOM FROM ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION? The 2015 Modern Slavery
Act increased punishments for human traffickers and provides greater
protections for victims. However, its implementation has been weak. This
became most apparent in late October 2019, when 39 Vietnamese migrants were
found dead in a trailer in Essex. In December, authorities charged two
defendants with human trafficking offenses over the incident. Children and
migrant workers are among those most vulnerable to forced labor and sex
trafficking. "Vulnerability'
To Human Trafficking: A Study Of Viet Nam, Albania, Nigeria And The UK Patricia Hynes,
Report of Shared Learning Event held in Tirana, Albania: 24-26 October 2017 [Long URL] [accessed 13
February 2022] This report
describes the first stages of an ethically-led, two-year research study into
understanding the causes, dynamics and ‘vulnerabilities’ to and resilience
against human trafficking in three source countries– Albania, Viet Nam and
Nigeria – plus the support needs of people from these countries who have
experienced trafficking when identified as potential ‘victims’ of trafficking
in the UK. Brides for sale:
European women lured for sham marriages Sylvia Hui And Karel
Janicek, Associated Press AP, 25 May 2015 www.salon.com/2015/05/26/brides_for_sale_european_women_lured_for_sham_marriages/ [accessed 11
February 2016] www.sacbee.com/news/nation-world/world/article22313613.html [accessed 27
February 2018] Most brides get
paid-for trips to Britain, Ireland, Germany and the Netherlands, and some
don't fully realize what they've gotten themselves into until they arrive.
Women have been held captive until their marriage papers are signed, abused
by their "husband" and his friends, used for sex and drug
trafficking or even made to marry more than once, according to European
authorities and charities. "Depending on
the case, a woman can be sold for thousands of euros," said Angelika
Molnar, an anti-trafficking specialist at Europol. "I can tell you it is
lucrative." "Nightclub Girls
Helped Me Escape Captivity" The Star, www.thestar.co.uk/news/39Nightclub-girls-helped-me-escape.953265.jp [accessed 4 January
2011] The youngster, from
3/5 smuggled to UK
for sex, servitude Press TV, Iran, Aug 26,
2012 www.presstv.com/detail/2012/08/26/258203/35-smuggled-to-uk-for-sex-servitude/ [accessed 27 August
2012] childhub.org/fr/child-protection-news/35-smuggled-uk-sex-servitude [accessed 17
February 2019] The United Kingdom Human
Trafficking Centre (UKHTC) said in its first official assessment of human
smuggling that 31 percent of the victims were targeted by sex gangs, 22
percent for Labour exploitation and 11 percent for domestic servitude. The study was based
on data from police forces, the Gangmasters Licensing Authority and the UK
Border Agency, among others, also showed 17 percent of those smuggled into
Britain were targeted for criminal exploitation, five percent for multiple
exploitation and one percent for organ harvesting. The report also found that 99 British
citizens were also trafficked inside the country in 2011 among them 52 for
sexual exploitation with more than 80 percent of them female children. According to UKHTC, most victims of
smuggling into Britain have been from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania,
Poland and Nigeria. Sex trafficking in
the UK: one woman's horrific story of kidnap, rape, beatings and prostitution Mark Townsend, The
Observer, 5 February 2011 www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/feb/06/sex-traffick-romania-britain [accessed 20 June
2017] As far as her
friends and family were concerned, Marinela vanished. One moment she was on
the way home from school in the provincial town of Alexandria, two hours
drive from Bucharest, then she was gone. Later they learnt that, just after
5pm one afternoon in mid-March 2008, as she was settling down to her homework
in the flat she shared with a female friend, there was a knock on the door.
Outside stood two men. One, Cornel, had a reputation for prostituting local
girls. The other she had never met. He was called Marius Nejloveanu. They invited her to
a barbecue. "I said no because I had homework," said Marinela.
"When Cornel heard that he just banged my head on the wardrobe and said,
'Put your coat on.' Weeks into her
ordeal, Marinela relented. Nejloveanu presented her with a lurid set of
garish underwear and she was taken to a nearby brothel masquerading as a
sauna. She could not speak a word of English. When the first
"client" booked her she wanted to say "no" but could not.
She wanted to explain her predicament, tell the man that she was trafficked.
Instead she cried, hoping that the man would take pity on her. He did not.
None of them did. Human trafficking
gang sentenced to six years NDS 7thspace.com/headlines/359712/uk_human_trafficking_gang_sentenced_to_six_years.html
[accessed 19 December
2010] The UK arm of the
gang, based in the Burngreave area of Sheffield, had sought to lure genuine
Polish workers to the UK on the promise of paid work and a better life. In
reality the workers would find themselves being forced to work up to 12 hours
a day and then housed in a derelict property at night, unable to leave. The scam worked by
recruiting the workers via newspapers and the internet in Poland, and then
asking them to pay money up front for accommodation and the necessary
documentation they´d need to work in the UK - on average between £300-£500
each. On arrival they´d be picked up from the airport and then taken to the
Halcar Tavern, Carwood Grove in TraFFicking oF Women and Children in Wales 2010 Jackie Jones, Center
for Legal Research, Bristol Law School, November 2010 [Long URL] [accessed 17
February 2022] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - There are gaps in
knowledge over issues of identification of victims of trafficking and
responses once identified as well as specialist provisions of services,
despite the recent creation of a refuge for trafficked women in Wales.
Gender-specific and child-friendly policy initiatives are at the heart of
effective enforcement and protection strategies. These need to be tailored to
the particular needs of local communities in Wales. Strategies that reflect
the different landscapes– rural, urban, language, cultural – all require
co-ordination in a national (Welsh) centre for
trafficking. From that multi-agency point, training, awareness-raising,
advocacy and many other services can be provided and tailored for the needs
of the people in Wales. My recommendations are the following ... Worthing care home couple's
trial for human trafficking Worthing Herald, 21
May 2009 www.worthingherald.co.uk/news/local/worthing_care_home_couple_s_trial_for_human_trafficking_1_244508 [accessed 2 January
2011] David Scutt, prosecuting,
said the couple were part of an international trafficking network which lured
poor Mauritian workers to the country with the promise of wages four times
what they could earn at home. CHELSEA FLOWER SHOW - He said a
recruitment agency on Mauritius provided cover letters allowing the workers
to enter the country as visitors – but, on arrival, they were put to work on
13-hour shifts caring for elderly people suffering from dementia, and paid
£450 a month – the sum they had been told would be their weekly wage. Migrants' work
stocked supermarkets Martin Shankleman,
BBC employment correspondent, BBC News, 19 November 2008 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/7738293.stm [accessed 2 January
2011] COORDINATED APPROACH - It was alleged
the workers, who had been recruited in eastern Europe, were trapped by the
gang who placed them in squalid accommodation and forced them to work for up
to 16 hours a day picking vegetables.
The UK Border Agency Regional Director, Simon Excell, branded the
gang's alleged actions a "modern form of slavery". "Human trafficking of any kind,
whether for sexual or labour exploitation, is an appalling crime where people
are treated as commodities and traded for profit," said Mr Excell. 'Sex slavery' gang
jailed in child prostitution case Rachel Williams and
agencies, guardian.co.uk, 4 November 2008 www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/nov/04/sex-slavery-gang [accessed 2 January
2011] A gang of human
traffickers, brothel keepers and pimps received substantial jail terms
yesterday over the ordeal of a teenage virgin tricked into travelling to the Their Slovakian
victim had cried in the dock as she described spending nearly a
year-and-a-half working as a prostitute after being lured to Scores rescued from
trafficking BBC News, 2 July
2008 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7485339.stm [accessed 2 January
2011] Police say 167
victims, including 12 children, have been rescued in a major crackdown on
human trafficking. DESPICABLE CRIME - The Home Office
said Operation Pentameter Two was the most successful effort of its
kind. The majority of victims rescued
originated from Women captured by
human traffickers can be forced to have sex with up to 40 men a day by
violent pimps, police said. VICTIMS REMOVED - But Home Office
Minister Vernon Coaker said about half of the victims had refused to
cooperate with the authorities. The problem was
worse among child victims who were told by those exploiting them that it was
not in their best interests to co-operate. Man Jailed For
'Horrific' Trafficking Offences 4RFV, www.4rfv.co.uk/nationalnews.asp?id=78363 [accessed 2 January
2011] www.4ni.co.uk/uk-national-news/78363/man-jailed-for-horrific-trafficking-offences [accessed 17
February 2019] Victims were
brought into the UK from Hungary, following promises of a better life, but
were instead forced into prostitution against their will. Detective Constable Martin Arnfield from
Greater Manchester Police's Sexual Crime Unit said: "The fear this man
imposed upon his victims was so intense it took a huge amount of courage for
them to seek help. "One victim
thought she was simply coming to Moldovan sex slaves
released in tiraspoltimes.com,
Apr 22, 2008 www.netnewspublisher.com/moldovan-sex-slaves-released-in-uk-human-trafficking-raids/ [accessed 2 January
2011] archive.li/4TF6g [accessed 27
February 2018] A group of girls
from Moldova have been released by British police after raids against human
trafficking rings. They had been smuggled from EUROPE'S LARGEST
SEX-TRAFFICKER -
Human trafficking networks and sex slavery gangs bring young women to the Human trafficking
rife in borough, says report Hannah Crown, www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/2184518.human_trafficking_rife_in_borough_says_report/ [accessed 2 January
2011] Human trafficking
is rife in It reveals a
shocking range of offences including sexual exploitation, ritual abuse,
forced labour, domestic servitude, forced marriages, and benefit fraud. The study also says there is a lack of hard
evidence on the issue and said the borough's counter-trafficking response was
"greatly impeded" by a lack of clear policy and a "pervasive
attitude that it was someone else's problem". Fighting the evil
new slave trade Michael Kelly,
Sunday Sun, 2 March 2008 www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/fighting-evil-new-slave-trade-1467410 [accessed 20 June 2013] Most of the women
have been tricked into coming into the The other side of
trafficking is worker exploitation.
All kinds of people, including children, are smuggled illegally into
the The Child Slaves -
Criminals turn from drugs to trafficking Kate Smith, Herald www.heraldscotland.com/the-child-slaves-1.828431 [accessed 3 January
2011] Child-trafficking
in Despite the The Met's Human
Trafficking Team (HTT) has had its first human trafficking sentencing LAWFUEL, Legal
Newswire, 16 February 2008 www.lawfuel.com/the-mets-human-trafficking-team-htt-has-had-its-first-human-trafficking-sentencing [accessed 15 August
2014] [accessed 11 October
2016] In interview the
victim, at the time 31 years old, told police that she knew both Saisho
YANKOV (male) and Asie ISUFOVA (female) from Bulgaria and they told her they
were planning on coming to England and would pay for her travel arrangements
so that she could come too. They told her she could pay them back when she
was working in the On the fifth day
they told her the only work they had been able to find was prostitution. She
told them she didn't want to do this but YANKOV then made threats against her
family back in Children for sale: David Harrison, The
Telegraph, 27 Jan 2008 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1576727/Children-for-sale-UKs-new-slave-trade.html [accessed 3 January
2011] The illicit trade
in children - sold by their parents, some while still babies, to criminal
gangs and people traffickers - has been uncovered by a Sunday Telegraph
investigation. An undercover reporter
was offered several children for sale by their parents in Impoverished
African parents are being lured by the traffickers' promises of "a
better life" for their children, thousands of miles away in cities
including Sex Slaves Bought
For £7000 Freed In Police Raid Tom Hamilton, Daily
Record, Dec 27 2007 [accessed 3 January
2011] Three women held as
sex slaves in The Tales of sex and
sadness from inside Amelia Hill, The
Observer, 23 December 2007 www.guardian.co.uk/society/2007/dec/23/communities.socialexclusion [accessed 3 January
2011] 'I'D BEEN DREAMING OF A FUTURE AS A WIFE AND A MOTHER' - 'I had been working
as a waitress, dreaming of a future as a wife and mother,' 'He beat me and
made me live with another girl who spied on me. She wouldn't leave me for a
second and reported to this man if I did anything that looked like trying to
escape. He forced me to work in the brothel, but the clients complained
because I just cried all the time. The manager asked me what was wrong. I
didn't have the language to express myself, but eventually I managed to
explain. I don't think she felt sorry for me, but she saw that I wasn't going
to earn her brothel any money because I would never willingly work. She
helped me to escape and I went to the police. This has damaged my life in all
directions. I have no dreams now and no hopes. I have nothing.' Helping children
turn life around Paul McMillan,
Evening Chronicle, Dec 10 2007 [accessed 3 January
2011] While runaways and
vulnerable children are not new, the spectre of people trafficking has reared
its head on Tyneside in recent years. In March this year
a report by ECPAT – End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and the
Trafficking of Children – revealed 13 youngsters, including Chinese and
Somalians, had flown into Three Chinese girls
– Weng Mei Fang, 16, Lin Xiu Ming, 17, and He Yun Jin, 17 – disappeared from
Elswick Lodge hostel in Park Close, Elswick, Police uncover human
trafficking misery Michael Howie, Home
Affairs Correspondent, The Scotsman, 05 December 2007 news.scotsman.com/prostitution/Police-uncover-human-trafficking-misery.3587165.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] A Romanian woman
who was raped and forced to work as a prostitute is among 20 victims of human
trafficking identified by police in the central belt in the past eight weeks. Most of the women
are from the Far East - mainly A barbaric trade in
human misery right on our doorsteps Chris Bond, www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/features/A-barbaric-trade-in-human.3490580.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] "One of the
first victims we helped in the "She was
phoned up by someone and asked if she would like to sell ice cream for the
summer in British Police
Crack Down on Human Trafficking Mandy Clark, Voice
of www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2007-11-13-voa51-66802857/373948.html [accessed 3 January
2011] Joanne says she was
freed after 11 months because her health began to fail and she was no longer
of use to her trafficker. She says he let her go, but gave her devastating
news. "He said, 'I have HIV and I'm pretty sure I have infected you.' I
went to a clinic and found out I was HIV positive which leads to AIDS and I
totally lost my mind." Sold into slavery The Northern Echo,
17th October 2007 www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/1765911.sold_into_slavery/ [accessed 3 January
2011] At the back is a young
Chinese woman, the wife of the owner who was sold to him for £10,000. She
works as his slave in sweatshop conditions and is regularly beaten. It is one
of these beatings which will eventually lead to her death. "We found she was suffering from trench
foot and she had been kept in a box six feet by six feet," recalls
Grahame Maxwell, Chief Constable of North Yorkshire Police and programme
director for the UK Human Trafficking Centre (UKHTC) in The www.derryjournal.com/journal/Derry-charity-worker-welcomes-team.3360263.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] "The numbers
are quite significant and it is growing. This place is ripe for it at the
minute because it is very easy for people to be in the shadows. Between the
last two to four months people have been coming to us that have been
abandoned - we try to ensure that they are safe and secure. We have to identify
where they come from - a lot don't want to get into trouble. They have left
their families behind in often small villages and don't want to give too much
information about the traffickers because they are worried about what will
happen to their families." The
charity worker said once the problem is exposed they easily disappear. "That is the worrying thing - often we
don't know where they go. They are cases for concern because of the
duplication of identification, the language difficulty and the fear
factor." Police unite to
tackle human trafficking [video] STV video video.stv.tv/bc/news-Police_unite_to_tackle_human_traf_200710-20071003-police-unite-to-tackle-human-trafficking/ [accessed 3 January
2011] Anna was promised a
better life far from her home in Albania - but then forced into having sex
with up to 30 strangers each and everyday. She said: "You
have to work even if you're sick they don't care - you just have to make the
money for them because they need cars then need nice houses, nice
clothes." National police
campaign to target sex trafficking Matthew Weaver and
agencies, The Guardian, 3 October 2007 www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/oct/03/ukcrime.prisonsandprobation [accessed 3 January
2011] The government
estimates that up to 4,000 women and girls are forced into prostitution after
being trafficked from abroad. Last
year Pentameter rescued 88 women and girls, including some as young as 14,
who had been forced into the sex industry. Crime gangs 'expand
sex slavery into shires' Sean O’Neill, Crime
Editor, The Times, September 28, 2007 www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/uk/crime/article1873278.ece [accessed 20 June
2013] Immigration from
Eastern Europe has brought a supply of women deceived into thinking good jobs
await them. Instead they are sold to vice gangs for £500 and forced into
prostitution. An investigation by The Times has found that one rural force
has identified 80 brothels this year. What is less
expected is that the brothel where she was kept as a sex slave is not in Port is prime
target for child traffickers Ceri Rees, Daily
Echo, 27th September 2007 www.thisisdorset.net/news/1720518.port_is_prime_target_for_child_traffickers/ [accessed 3 January
2011] Criminal gangs are
targeting vulnerable ports, such as Poole, to traffic children they can
exploit for labour and illegal activity into the Trafficked Children
Should Remain: UNICEF J. P. Anderson,
Citizens Free Press, 2007 drugsinfonewslineireland.wordpress.com/2007/09/20/trafficked-children-should-remain-unicef/ [accessed 20 June
2013] Children trafficked
into Britain to work as sex slaves or in other types of forced labour should
be allowed to stay in the country to recover from their ordeals, a report has
said. A system of
renewable residence permits should be introduced for youngsters rescued from
such abuse, said the study by UNICEF and children’s rights organisation ECPAT
(End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and the Trafficking of Children
for Sexual Purposes). The report said:
"A renewable residence permit would secure a legal status for children
who had been trafficked and would acknowledge the extent of the human rights abuse
and provide the necessary environment in which a child could begin to make a
physical and mental recovery. Children trafficked
from Asia to Nina Lakhani, The
Independent, 23 September 2007 www.canaseed.com/CannabisNews.aspx?id=381 [accessed 11
February 2016] Hundreds of young
children illegally trafficked into the Gangs can reap up to
£300,000 profit a year from a three-bedroom house converted into a cannabis
factory. Children are brought in by gangs to tend the plants. Many have been
found unable to escape through doors or windows sealed and wired to give off
dangerous electric shocks. Others fear reprisals against relatives if they
try to escape. Police are currently raiding up to three houses a day where
children are being discovered Police chiefs told
to declare war on organised people trafficking Sean O’Neill, The
Times, September 20, 2007 tdh-childprotection.org/news/police-chiefs-told-to-declare-war-on-organised-people-trafficking [accessed 15 August
2014] — More than 10,000
women from Eastern Europe, Africa and the — Groups of
Romanian children are being smuggled into the country and forced to earn
their keep as pickpockets in — Unknown numbers
of men and women, many from Asia, are enslaved as bonded labour to pay off
debts of up to £10,000 to the criminal syndicates that smuggled them into
Britain; Ms Spence, who has produced a detailed report on the impact of
demo-graphic change on policing in her county, said that the Government was
out of touch with what was happening. Sex workers helping
with human trafficking Source: Town Crier -
Northants, swannet.org/node/571 [accessed 3 January
2011] Sex workers have
given police vital information to help with a crackdown on the human trafficking
trade in Cambridgeshire. The
established sex workers have told police working on Operation Radium that
they want to help young girls being held prisoners as sex slaves by criminal
gangs working in the county. 'Evil and
disgusting' trade in sex slaves The Evening
Telegraph, 06th August 2007 www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/environment/evil_and_disgusting_trade_in_sex_slaves_1_82719 [accessed 3 January
2011] Sickened police
officers visited 36 suspected city brothels in a matter of weeks in search of
human sex slaves. Their campaign –
Operation Radium – was launched in May in a bid to identify 100 of the
establishments in Cambridgeshire and find out if they were selling the
services of kidnapped foreign women.
In the space of just six months, a total of seven women – five in Human trafficking:
Case studies Peterborough Evening
Telegraph, August 6, 2007 www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/environment/human-trafficking-case-studies-1-82718 [accessed 4
September 2012] Victim A managed to
escape from a horrific cycle of abuse which involved being beaten and raped up
to 25 times a day after she climbed through the window of a Two arrested for
human trafficking Edward Chadwick, The
www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/1583699.two_arrested_for_human_trafficking/ [accessed 3 January
2011] A Hungarian man and
his girlfriend have been arrested after a teenage girl they forced to work as
a prostitute was rescued from a A police source
said: "This young woman was duped in to coming to the country and has
been kept against her will. F1 fuels human
trafficking, activists say The Gazette ( www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=2d953737-bd6e-4f81-b64c-c2755eb489cc [accessed 3 January
2011] www.lifesitenews.com/news/canada-an-international-embarrassment-on-sex-trafficking [accessed 11 October
2016] Last year, Canada
was singled out in an international study for failing to meet its obligations
for the protection of victims of human trafficking. The 40-page study, titled
Falling Short of the Mark: An
International Study on the Treatment of Human Trafficking Victims,
concluded that out of the countries evaluated - Australia, Canada, Germany,
Italy, Norway, Sweden, Britain and the United States - only Canada and Britain failed to meet their
obligations to protect victims under the United Nations Trafficking Protocol
and international best practices. Falling Short of
the Mark: An International Study on the Treatment of Human Trafficking
Victims
[PDF] The Future Group,
March 2006 www.oas.org/atip/canada/Fallingshortofthemark.pdf [accessed 6 February
2011] lastradainternational.org/lsidocs/13%20Falling%20short%20of%20the%20mark%20(Future%20Group).pdf [accessed 4 February
2019] UNITED KINGDOM - The United
Kingdom has failed to meet the international standards set in the Trafficking
Protocol related to the protection of victims of human trafficking, and is
currently reviewing its policy in this area in light of its recent
ratification of the Trafficking Protocol. It is also considering becoming a
signatory to the European Trafficking Convention. Trafficking victims are
dealt with on a case-by-case basis and routinely deported. Only minimal
support has been provided to victims in recent years, and only general laws
exist for their protection during investigations. RESIDENCE - The Authorities
'failing to stop child trafficking' Gemma onestopcafe.suddenlaunch3.com/index.cgi?board=mis&action=display&num=1180349592 [accessed 26 August
2011] A lack of police and
immigration officers is allowing the trafficking of children into Rape revealed human
trafficking BBC News, 19 April
2007 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/6573725.stm [accessed 3 January
2011] SOLD SEVERAL TIMES - Mr Steer said
that during her time in the UK the woman, who suffers from epilepsy, was sold
several times and operated in the Manchester area, before she was finally
trafficked to the restaurant. When she arrived in
the Police target
global sex trafficking gangs Stefano Ambrogi and
John Sinnott, Reuters, London, 7 March 2007 uk.reuters.com/article/2007/03/07/uk-britain-trafficking-idUKL0773024320070307 [accessed 18
February 2013] Police launched a
special unit to target the growing menace of human trafficking in the capital
on Wednesday, vowing to smash foreign criminal gangs that sell their victims
into the sex trade or use them as forced labour. Many young women
smuggled illegally into the UK end up working as prostitutes while other
migrants are forced to work for little or no pay. Some victims, who arrive
penniless and unable to speak English, have been found to be as young as 14. Citing an extreme
case, police said that hours after being sold at the airport a young woman
was raped by her new owners and then held in appalling conditions at
different locations where she was repeatedly gang-raped. "They (the
victims) have a really torrid time of it: they are duped and coerced into
coming to the UK with promises of a better life, a good job or
marriage," Metropolitan Police Commander Sue Wilkinson told reporters. "But instead,
they find that they've placed themselves into the hands of these ruthless
networks ... either in a situation of forced labour or sex trade and have no
idea how to get help." Paul Whitehouse,
Yorkshire Post, www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/Britain39s-shame-over-21st-century.2077506.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] Britain is a key
staging point in a flourishing international slave trade that has seen up to
14,000 women and children brought here for the sex industry and vast numbers
enslaved in forced- labour rackets. A report by the
York-based Joseph Rowntree Foundation today reveals modern-day slavery as a high-profit
international trade and paints a damning picture of the way the Government
has dealt with the issue, which has escalated over the past decade. Sex traffic:
Danielle was 15 when she was sold into slavery in the Sophie Goodchild and
Kurt Barling, The Independent, 25 February 2007 [accessed 15 August
2014] Danielle was
excited at the prospect of leaving her home in Danielle suspected
nothing until the stranger took her passport once they passed through customs
and left her with two Albanians and a Lithuanian woman. It turned out that
she had been sold for £3,500. The "holiday job" was working in a
brothel in Stories of human
trafficking The Guardian www.guardian.co.uk/slideshow/page/0,,2013927,00.html [accessed 3 January
2011] [roll mouse over
images to reveal the story behind each image] Amnesty
International, Anti-Slavery International, London-based feminist charity
Eaves and Unicef Here is a selection
of photographs from the exhibition and the stories behind the images. Sex trade moves its
modern-day slaves into the suburbs David Harrison, The
Telegraph, 18 Feb 2007 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1543012/Sex-trade-moves-its-modern-day-slaves-into-the-suburbs.html [accessed 3 January
2011] Graeme Maxwell,
Yorkshire police's deputy chief constable and programme director for the UK
Human Trafficking Centre, said: "The traffickers and pimps are taking
the girls to rented flats and houses in areas all over the Latest anti-human
trafficking tactics shared at seminar Elysa Batista, www.naplesnews.com/news/local/latest-anti-human-trafficking-tactics-shared-at-seminar-ep-404956832-345681612.html [accessed 11
February 2016] In Tyneside centre of
slave-girls scam Paul McMillan, The
Evening Chronicle, Jan 15 2007 www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/tyneside-centre-of-slave-girls-scam-1480844 [accessed 20 June
2013] Among its findings,
under-age forced marriages of Somali girls were confined to Trafficking victims
to get housing and medical aid Patrick Wintour,
political editor, The Guardian, 13 January 2007 www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/jan/13/immigration.immigrationandpublicservices [accessed 3 January
2011] Victims of human
trafficking in As many as 4,000
victims of trafficking - mainly young women - were involved in enforced
prostitution in Tories call for
action on human trafficking Elsa McLaren and
agencies, Britain Times Online, January 03, 2007 www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/uk/article1913124.ece [accessed 15 August
2014] The Conservatives
argue that removal centres, like the one in Harmondsworth, West Drayton, The party cited the
Poppy Project as better practice. Under that scheme victims of trafficking
for prostitution are placed in a 25-bedroom safe house and given a 28-day
period of reflection. If they decide to co-operate with a prosecution, they
can stay for up to 12 weeks before being deported. Bishop of Maria Mackay,
Christian Today, December 21, 2006 www.christiantoday.com/article/bishop.of.liverpool.calls.on.government.to.ratify.human.trafficking.convention/8802.htm [accessed 3 January
2011] The Bishop of Liverpool
has called on the government to ratify the 2005 Council of Europe Convention
on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, which includes measures to
protect and support victims of trafficking. And Europe and the MPs urge immediate
action on human trafficking humantrafficking.org,
October 18, 2006 -- Adapted from: "Sex trafficking 'must be
tackled'" BBC News. 13 October 2006 www.humantrafficking.org/updates/434 [accessed 3 January
2011] www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/oct/13/immigrationpolicy.ukcrime [accessed 27
February 2018] "We should
recognise women trafficked for prostitution
through deception, fear and violence as victims of this serious crime, and
not immigration offenders or criminals themselves. "Of even
greater concern is the lack of knowledge we have of the extent of the
trafficking of young children for domestic servitude or, even worse, labour
in the drugs trade." South African Press
Association SAPA & Agence France-Presse AFP, www.iol.co.za/news/world/europe-s-first-human-trafficking-centre-opens-1.296106 [accessed 3 January
2011] "Some victims
do not even realise they are being trafficked until they arrive and then find
the job they were being promised as a waitress turns out to be enforced
servitude as a prostitute, including being beaten and raped. "Today in Human trafficking
problems in Scotland United Press
International UPI, Edinburgh, 24 September 2006 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 12
September 2011] McCormack, the head
of the organized immigration crime team, said a new trend is emerging, with
children from Caught in traffic Kate Foster with
additional reporting by Arthur MacMillan, news.scotsman.com/prostitution/Caught-in-traffic.2813071.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] The situation is
chilling - police and council officials openly admit they are not yet in a
position to be sure of the scale of the problem in Scotland - but they have seen
enough to know that foreign girls as young as 12 are being prostituted north
of the Border. They warn that The first signs of What sickens those
trying to tackle the problem most is the age of the girls involved. Teenagers
under the age of 16 are, police are now certain, being held captive in
private flats, and their pimps are seeking punters from the local population.
This is something which sickens those trying to tackle the problem. Human trafficking:
the dark side of the EU dream Ben Nimmo, Deutsche
Presse Agentur, rawstory.com/news/2006/Human_trafficking_the_dark_side_of__09222006.html [accessed 3 January
2011] The expansion of
the European Union in Central and The route to hell Louisa Waugh, The
Scotsman, 22 August 2006 At one time this article
had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12
September 2011] The majority of sex
workers in Charities criticise
government indifference to child trafficking Harvey Thompson,
World Socialist Web Site WSWS, 26 July 2006 wsws.org/articles/2006/jul2006/chld-j26.shtml [accessed 3 January
2011] Trafficked children
are transported from all over Africa, The victims are
often smuggled into Children from Eastern European
children tend to be used to beg and steal. Many more children are expected to
be used to these ends next year when Child Trafficking
in the Ambrose Musiyiwa
(amusiyiwa), OhmyNews, 2006-07-25 [accessed 3 May
2012] She was a teenage
orphan living on the streets of True to his word,
her "savior" brought her into the Three months later,
when the 16-year-old Kenyan girl became pregnant, she was forced to continue
sleeping with a succession of men until she was almost due to give birth. The
heavily pregnant teenager was then removed from the brothel, driven out of
the town where she had been held, and dumped many miles away on the streets
of Hundreds of Child
Slaves Trafficked into Martin Croucher,
Epoch Times en.epochtimes.com/news/6-6-6/42400.html [accessed 3 January
2011] Hundreds of
children as young as six years old are being trafficked into The parents of the
children 'sell' their children to the traffickers, sometimes for sums up to
£3000, believing that they are going to a better life. They are brought in on
fake passports and put to work immediately. 'Slaves auctioned'
by traffickers BBC News, 4 June
2006 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5046170.stm [accessed 3 January
2011] COFFEE SHOP AUCTION - A CPS conference
on Monday is to discuss airport crime, and its director in west "We are now
seeing 'slave auctions' being held in public places at airports where brothel
keepers are bidding for women destined for prostitution." Appeal over NI
human trafficking BBC News, 22 May
2006 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/5006460.stm [accessed 3 January
2011] There has been a
call for more resources to help stamp out people trafficking in Scotland's sex
trade goes deeper underground - Shock Scale Of Sick Trade Scottish Daily
Record & Sunday, February 22, 2006 fleshploitation.blogspot.com/2006/02/scotlands-sex-trade-goes-deeper.html [accessed 4
September 2012] We were told by the
girls how they were duped into applying for college places or jobs, then stripped
of their passports and passed from gang to gang and city to city. Many had no idea
where they were staying. Chief among the
slave traders are Lithuanian, Russian and the Albanian crime gangs so vicious
that even hardened Scottish criminals give them a wide berth. Richard Elias, Daily
Record, Feb 22 2006 www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/2006/02/22/scotland-s-6000-sex-slaves-86908-16731536/ [accessed 3 January
2011] [accessed 17 August
2014] Brutal gangsters
imprison the terrified girls in brothels, rape them repeatedly to break their
spirits, and force them to have sex with up to 60 men each per day. Around
7000 women in Skelly said:
"Trafficked girls do not work on the street because there is a lack of
control there for the gangs.
"Instead, the girls are kept as virtual prisoners inside a house
or a sauna, where they are much easier to keep an eye on. They work very long
hours and are hardly allowed out at all." Many of the girls are virgins when they
arrive and the crooks gangrape them to "break them in". Rape is also used as a punishment for girls
who disobey. Young women being
trafficked into capital to work as sex slaves Raymond Hainey, The
Scotsman, news.scotsman.com/edinburghssexindustry/Young-women-being-trafficked-into.2751914.jp [accessed 3 January
2011] In the other case,
a Lithuanian woman was lured to Her story came to
light after she was moved to Trafficked women
tricked into prostitution Tryst Williams,
Western Mail, Feb 7 2006 [accessed 3 January
2011] Eastern European
women have spoken of how they were duped into a life of prostitution on the
streets of One young woman
told the Week In Week Out team how she came to the Consultation on
UK’s First National Action Plan to Tackle Human Trafficking M2 Presswire, 5
January 2006 [accessed 19 April
2012] The Government’s
commitment to tackle the appalling modern day slave trade of human
trafficking moved up a gear today as Home Office Minister Paul Goggins
launched a public consultation on a national action plan which will build
upon existing tough anti-trafficking measures. The consultation
paper outlines the work the Government has done so far to tackle human
trafficking, from legislation and law enforcement to support for victims, and
proposes an action plan for areas of future work. This plan will take a
comprehensive end-to-end approach covering the different elements of the
anti-trafficking strategy. Traffickers face action
to curb sex trade David Harrison, The
Telegraph, 01 Jan 2006 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1506740/Traffickers-face-action-to-curb-sex-trade.html [accessed 4 January
2011] The Government will
this week announce a crackdown on the sex trafficking gangs which bring
thousands of young women to The "action
plan" follows the Sunday Telegraph's undercover investigations into the
cruel and fast-growing trade condemned as "21st century slavery". Terry Vanderheyden,
LifeSiteNews, www.lifesitenews.com/news/canada-an-international-embarrassment-on-sex-trafficking [accessed 11
February 2016] Of the countries
evaluated: 'I was raped and beaten.
I lost the will to run away' David Harrison, The
Telegraph, 13 Nov 2005 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1502857/I-was-raped-and-beaten.-I-lost-the-will-to-run-away.html [accessed 4 January
2011] Working at two
flats and a "massage parlor" six days a week, she charges
£150-£400, depending on the time and services supplied - but has to hand over
almost all the money to her Russian pimp.
She is one of thousands of vulnerable young girls who have been
trafficked to Man denies
trafficking prostitute BBC News, 10
November 2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/4426268.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] The jury was told
on Thursday that the three Albanian men bought the woman in Sex trafficking
gang sent to jail BBC News, 1 December
2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4487712.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] The police launched
Operation Rotunda in December 2004 after receiving a tip-off from the BBC's Six
O'Clock News, which had started an investigation into the disappearance of a
16-year-old Lithuanian girl. The BBC
learned the girl was ringing her parents from An undercover
operation, lasting four months, revealed the scale of the operation and
revealed evidence of a number of women being forced to work as prostitutes
against their will, including one teenager who had been a virgin before she
was trafficked to the Sex-trafficked
victims to be offered refuge Jenifer Johnston,
Sunday Herald, 06 November 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12 September
2011] It is thought
between 2000 and 6000 women and girls are trafficked into the Sex-trade children
flown to region Paul Jeeves, www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/main-topics/local-stories/sex-trade-children-flown-to-region-1-2589687 [accessed 17 August
2014] Global crime syndicates
have begun to use Immigrants tell of
forced prostitution and slavery as trafficking gang is jailed Rosie Cowan, crime
correspondent, The Guardian, 2 November 2005 www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/nov/02/immigration.ukcrime [accessed 4 January
2011] Detectives believe
the gang brought at least 600 illegal immigrants to the Sex trade gang
'beggared belief' BBC News, 18 October
2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/south_yorkshire/4353344.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] Sentencing, Judge
Barber said: "Their behavior absolutely beggared belief, they had taken
two young Lithuanian girls and transported them to Safety Fears For
Women Rescued In Joint news release:
Amnesty International and Anti-Slavery International, 4 October 2005 old.antislavery.org/archive/press/pressrelease2005UKrescue.htm [accessed 17 August
2014] According to
reports, at least six of the women are being held in a detention centre,
treatment that is more suited to criminals than to victims of a crime, and
were not referred to a specialist shelter. Six of the women
were due to be removed from the UK on Wednesday (5 October), but after
pressure the Home Office agreed to a temporary suspension of their removal. Anti-Slavery
International Director Mary Cuneen said: "The police suspect
these women were trafficked, if this is the case, under no circumstances
should they have been held in a detention centre; they should have been
provided with assistance and advice from a specialised agency. This is the
absolute minimum of what should be provided for people suspected of having
been trafficked." Amnesty
International UK Director Kate Allen said: "These cases
show the vulnerability of victims of trafficking and the lack of protection
for them in the UK. This is why the UK Government must sign up to the
European Convention which guarantees protection for victims of
trafficking." The UK has no
guaranteed protection for trafficked people, and has not signed the Council
of Europe's European Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human
Beings. Currently,
trafficked people are not guaranteed any protection in the UK, exposing them
to inappropriate treatment by the authorities as well as re-trafficking. The European
Convention guarantees a trafficked person at least 30 days to remain in the
country to receive support, including emergency medical assistance, safe
housing and legal advice. Young Women Forced
into Prostitution in the LifeSiteNews, [accessed 13
February 2016] A special task force
of female officers led 19 women out of the Cuddles massage parlor in CPS continues fight
against sex trade traffickers The Crown
Prosecution Service CPS, 16 September 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 12
September 2011] The latest Crown
Prosecution Service case against human traffickers ended today with the sentencing
of Viktoras Larcenko, the last member of a gang convicted for smuggling girls
from Man in sex slave
case 'kind with a purpose' At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12
September 2011] The woman, who
worked as a teacher and gym instructor in 'Child sacrifices
in Richard Edwards
Crime Reporter, www.standard.co.uk/news/child-sacrifices-in-london-7267353.html [accessed 13
February 2016] Boys from Africa are
being murdered as human sacrifices in Followers believe that
powerful spells require the deaths of "unblemished" male children. Police believe such
boys are trafficked from cities such as Kinshasa where they can be bought for
a little as £10. What s New section:
The People Traffickers [PDF] -- Source: The
People Traffickers, The stopvaw.org/sites/3f6d15f4-c12d-4515-8544-26b7a3a5a41e/uploads/10-6-05.pub.pdf [accessed 4 January
2011] [page 5 and
continued on pages 8 to 12] Lithuanian
authorities believe native gangs are recruiting and organizing the
trafficking of women to the Police criticized
for leaving pimp to rape girl Vikram Dodd, The
Guardian, 25 May 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12
September 2011] A judge called yesterday
for an inquiry into police blunders which left a pimp free to repeatedly rape
and beat a teenage girl and force her to work as a prostitute. Agrol Xhabri, 22, was jailed for 12 years
after abducting the 17-year-old Latvian girl from her father's house in east Freedom for Thai
sex slave women May 3 2005 --
Source: icSurreyOnline www.genderberg.com/phpNuke/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=122 [accessed 4 January
2011] Police who raided
the brothel, which was less than a mile from the town centre, uncovered
information about a sophisticated prostitution gang that illegally brings
girls from Asia into the Government
officials in sex trafficking ring arrested - Horrifying testimony of woman sex-slave traded for a Mercedes shakes
political establishment of Yugoslav republic Vesna Peric
Zimonjic, Independent, www.prisonplanet.com/government_officials_in_sex_trafficking_ring_arrested.html [accessed 13 February
2016] [accessed 27
February 2018] The arrests are
only a small part of the scandal, according to sources in the Montenegrin
capital, Podgorica. It is an open secret in the Balkans that
people-trafficking rings run through The sex-slave
routes lead to Hundreds of
children 'vanishing' BBC News, 13 May,
2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4541603.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] Between July and
September 2001, 300 had disappeared, and police fear thousands may go missing
annually. Child welfare experts say
the figures hint at the scale of child trafficking, sometimes for labor or
benefit fraud. A previous BBC
investigation found some African children were being held by their parents'
creditors, so they could claim extra benefits. Slavery fears for
'lost' children Matthew Chapman, BBC
Radio Five Live, 15 February, 2004 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3489935.stm [accessed 20 June
2013] Neither the
Metropolitan Police or the Immigration Service would officially release the
findings but BBC Radio Five Live understands the children could not be found at
up to 30 of the addresses visited during that three month period. Police discovered that in some cases the
same address had been given by successive children who could not be traced. African trafficking
ring linked to UK BBC News, 8 July,
2003 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3053800.stm [accessed 20 June
2013] One father in
Bafoussam said he cries every day for his missing 14-year-old daughter. He had persuaded her to work as a babysitter
for £10 a month after ill-health forced him to give up his own job as a
teacher. Far More
Lithuanians Sold Into Prostitution In Agence France-Presse
AFP, 25-Feb-05 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 12
September 2011] The number of young
Lithuanian women sold for sex in Britain has increased from "single
cases to dozens every month" since the Baltic state joined the European
Union last year, the head of Lithuania's Interpol bureau said. Tackle Child
Exploitation, Ministers Urged Maggie Stratton, www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/Tackle-child-exploitation-Ministers-urged.951691.jp [accessed 4 January
2011] Based on reports
from social services, police and immigration, it is known at least 250
children were trafficked into the Migrants Subject To
Forced Labor In The Union Network
International UNI, 02/04/2005 www.tuc.org.uk/international/tuc-9316-f0.cfm [accessed 12
September 2011] www.personneltoday.com/hr/migrant-workers-in-the-uk-working-under-forced-labour-conditions/ [accessed 27
February 2018] This report reveals
that migrants who can legally work in this country are also shockingly badly
exploited because they are unable to enforce their legal rights because of
the power their employer has over them.
The report, 'Forced Labor and Migration to the UK' reveals abuse,
including very long hours, pay below the minimum wage and dangerous working
conditions in a range of sectors including construction, hospitality,
agriculture, food processing, horticulture, contract cleaning, nursing and
care homes. Employers and agencies who
break the law are rarely prosecuted or even inspected by the authorities. Migrant women
forced into cheap sex trade Rosie Cowan, crime
correspondent, The Guardian, 11 February 2005 www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/feb/11/immigrationandpublicservices.immigration [accessed 4 January
2011] Sex Slaves Vice
Baron Sentenced BBC News, 22
February, 2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/4288603.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] women kept by
Ismailej, an illegal immigrant, were forced to work seven days a week, for up
to 13 hours a day, and give up their passports to satisfy his "love of
money". Brian O'Neill,
prosecuting, told the court that Ismailej was the ringleader and that he did
not regard the women as anything other than chattels. The Felicity Lawrence,
consumer affairs correspondent, The Guardian, 2/3/2005 www.guardian.co.uk/society/2005/feb/03/immigrationandpublicservices.politics [accessed 4 January
2011] A year ago this
Saturday, 23 Chinese cockle pickers died at It is not just the
sex industry that traffics and exploits migrants, but our key sectors - food
and agriculture, contract cleaning, hotels and catering, construction and
care homes. Moreover, the state uses migrants' forced labour in many cases -
when it outsources local authority care to the private sector, when it uses
agencies to recruit NHS nurses who end up living on £5 a week, when it uses
contract cleaners provided by the cheapest bidder for its offices, or when
subcontracted migrant labour is used on private finance initiative
construction. The Damning report on
migrants delayed as government fears poll backlash Hsiao-Hung Pai, The
Guardian, 3 February 2005 www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2005/feb/03/immigrationasylumandrefugees.immigrationandasylum [accessed 4 January
2011] The publication of
a ground-breaking report on forced labour and the exploitation of migrant
workers in It catalogues
coercive techniques used by private employers to force migrants to work for
low wages and in poor conditions, from physical and sexual violence to debt
bondage and blackmail. Illegal migrant
jailed for sex-slave ring Helen Nugent, Times
Online, February 23, 2005 moderntribalist.blogspot.com/2005/02/illegal-immigration-and-sex-slavery.html [accessed 3 May
2012] An illegal
immigrant who made a fortune from trafficking East European sex slaves was
jailed for 11 years yesterday. Vullnet
Ismailaj, 27, an Albanian, smuggled scores of young Lithuanian women into Slavery 'worse than
ever' - Hague BBC News, 25
January, 2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/4204675.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] There is more
slavery now than there was at the height of the slave trade, former Conservative
leader William Hague has warned. Mr
Hague said criminal gangs were blighting the Sex slaves
trafficker is jailed for 18 years www.thestar.co.uk/news/Sex-slaves-trafficker-is-jailed.910281.jp [accessed 4 January
2011] Sex slaves
trafficker is jailed for 18 years An illegal immigrant has been jailed for 18
years for trafficking women from Eastern Europe and forcing them to work as
prostitutes in a Men jailed for
selling teenager BBC News, 16 March,
2005 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/south_yorkshire/4355805.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] Three illegal
immigrants have been jailed for a total of 40 years for selling a teenage
girl as a sex slave. The 16-year-old,
from Children groomed
for sex trafficking Madeleine Brindley,
WalesOnline, Nov 9 2004 www.stopdemand.org/afawcs0153418/CATID=3/ID=16/SID=587978889/Wales-Children-groomed-for-sex-trafficking.html [accessed 20 June
2013] Children in Wales
are being enslaved into a sordid life of sexual exploitation and
prostitution, experts warned today.
Adults are grooming and trafficking vulnerable children as young as 12
from Welsh care homes to work in massage parlours throughout Groundbreaking
sentence increase for human trafficker The Crown
Prosecution Service CPS, 29/04/2004 www.cps.gov.uk/news/latest_news/118_04/ [accessed 20 June
2013] [scroll down] Roger Coe-Salazar,
District Crown Prosecutor for CPS Wood Green Trials Unit, said: "I did
not feel that the overall sentence of ten years adequately reflected the
enormous human misery he, and people like him, inflict on highly vulnerable
young women. Accordingly, we referred the matter to the Attorney General as
an 'unduly lenient sentence' in the hope that the Court of Appeal would
impose a sentence that established a sentencing yard stick for this
despicable crime. We will continue with our work to seize the profits gained
by Plakici through the exploitation of women." BBC News, 12 August,
2003 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3145687.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] TOURIST INFLUX - Last month the
BBC discovered an international child-trafficking ring based in Leading Joint statement by
Amnesty International, Anti-Slavery International, the National Federation of
Women's Institutes and UNICEF At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 12
September 2011] Home Office
research in 2000, estimated that up to 1,420 women were trafficked into the UN Integrated
Regional Information Networks IRIN, www.irinnews.org/report/50363/southern-africa-south-africa-regional-centre-for-human-trafficking [accessed 9 March
2015] Malawian women are targeted
by trafficking groups because they do not require a visa to enter the Upon arrival, as
the IOM discovered in the Raids net 13
suspected of human trafficking Sandra Laville, The
Guardian, November 5, 2004 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12
September 2011] They might be told
they are coming here to be a student, but they end up in bonded employment
working in a kitchen or as a fast food chef and paid minimal wages so they
can't discharge their debt. Child sex tourism One At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 12
September 2011] CHILD SEX TOURISM - Child prostitutes'
sad stories Kim Catcheside,
Social Affairs Correspondent, BBC News, 27 June, 2003 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3023874.stm [accessed 4 January
2011] They told Ms Turner
they had been kidnapped in She told
authorities that she and other girls had been picked up from local authority
hostels, and taken overland to UN Integrated
Regional Information Networks IRIN, www.irinnews.org/report/20782/central-asia-special-report-on-human-trafficking [accessed 9 March
2015] Responding to a job
advertisement in a local paper, she accepted an au pair post in the "I borrowed
350 pounds and was given a menial job cleaning rooms in a small hotel. No one
wanted to hire me. I didn't have the right papers and I couldn't pay this
money back," she explained. Later, the Russian-speaking woman who had
met her at the airport introduced her to her Albanian boyfriend, who proposed
that Svetlana work at his sauna providing massages for visiting clientele.
"This was a shock for me. I didn't know what to do," she said.
"Suddenly I felt trapped." But Svetlana was
lucky. She was not subject to violence or rape when she refused to comply
with those who trafficked her to the UNICEF report
reveals changing face of child trafficking UNICEF via M2
Presswire, July 29, 2003 www.unicef.org/media/media_13034.html [accessed 19 April
2012] The face of child
trafficking to the The report, Stop
the Traffic!, says that hundreds of known cases of trafficked children are
just the tip of the iceberg. Thousands may be trafficked to the The Government's
Sexual Offences Bill, currently in the House of Commons, makes it illegal to
traffic people into the Dying to Leave Thirteen, www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/dying-to-leave/human-trafficking-worldwide/united-kingdom/1473/ [accessed 26
December 2010] www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/uncategorized/human-trafficking-worldwide-united-kingdom/1473/ [accessed 18
February 2018] VICTIMS - Up to 15,000
women are trafficked annually into the U.K. for the purpose of sexual
exploitation. Women from Eastern Europe, particularly from Women from East
Asia, especially Women are not the
only victims. A 2003 UNICEF study determined that the While women and
children are trafficked primarily for sexual exploitation, men are exploited
in sweatshops or in the agricultural industry. The 58 Chinese men who died in
June 2000 while being smuggled into United Kingdom
Threat Assessment of Serious and Organised Crime 2003 [PDF] National Criminal
Intelligence Service NCIS image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2003/08/21/crime.pdf [accessed 17 August
2014] HUMAN TRAFFICKING 4.25 Human
trafficking is essentially concerned with the exploitation of migrants as a
resource. It takes various forms, including exploitation as cheap tied
labour, for example in illicit sweatshops producing counterfeit goods.
However, many of those who are trafficked are forced to work in the vice
trade as prostitutes. TRAFFICKING FOR
PROSTITUTION 4.26 Traffickers
use a number of methods to recruit migrants into the vice trade. Most involve
some form of deception, and exploit the lack of opportunities open to women
in source countries. Traffickers place advertisements in local newspapers and
media, advertising legitimate employment opportunities in the EU, for example
as maids, nannies, bar and catering staff, receptionists, clerical staff,
dancers and entertainers. Advertisements are also placed offering marriage
opportunities to women seeking EU husbands, and front agencies are also used
for this purpose. Other victims are knowingly recruited into the sex trade,
but are unaware of the conditions under which they will be forced to work.
Some trafficking victims are kidnapped, usually in the Balkans and Former
Soviet Union, but this is less common. TRAFFICKING IN MINORS 4.33 Several
thousand unaccompanied minors arrive in the Stopping Traffic:
Exploring the extent of, and responses to, trafficking in women for sexualexploitation in the UK Liz Kelly and Linda
Regan, Home Office - Police Research Series, Paper 125, ISBN 1-84082-466-2,
2000 [Long URL] [accessed 13
February 2022] This paper presents
the findings of research carried out to assess the extent of trafficking in
women for the purposes of sexual exploitation and the law enforcement
responses in the UK. It estimates the number of women trafficked into
conditions of sexual slavery, the ways in which they are trafficked and the
responses of all relevant agencies in tackling and preventing such
trafficking. Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 6 October 2000 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/uk2000b.html [accessed 2 January
2011] [49] In the light
of the socio-economic situation in some of the more economically
disadvantaged ***
EARLIER EDITIONS OF SOME OF THE ABOVE *** Freedom House
Country Report - 2018 Edition freedomhouse.org/country/united-kingdom/freedom-world/2018 [accessed 8 May 2020] G4. DO INDIVIDUALS
ENJOY EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY AND FREEDOM FROM ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION? The 2015 Modern
Slavery Act increased punishments for human traffickers and provides greater
protections for victims. However, its implementation has been weak. Children
and migrant workers are among those most vulnerable to forced labor and sex
trafficking. Human
Rights Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices U.S. Dept of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor, March 8, 2006 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61683.htm [accessed 11
February 2020] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS
– Women were trafficked for sexual exploitation from Central and Eastern
Europe (primarily the Balkans and the former Soviet Union) and Asia,
including Trafficking victims
were most often subject to debt bondage, the withholding of travel documents,
false information about law enforcement and immigration penalties, or threats
of violence against them or their families. Traffickers less frequently
employed physical and sexual violence. Organized international
gangs allegedly were responsible for most trafficking for commercial sexual
exploitation. SECTION
6 WORKER RIGHTS
– [d] There were reports that children were trafficked into the country and
forced to work as domestic servants, beggars, pickpockets, drug couriers, or
in sweatshops and restaurants. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery – United
Kingdom UK", http://gvnet.com/humantrafficking/UK.htm, [accessed
<date>] |
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