Torture in [Estonia] [other countries]Human Trafficking in [Estonia Street Children in [Estonia] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Estonia] [other countries] |
Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery In the early
years of the 21st Century gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Estonia.htm
Estonia is a source country for the trafficking of women to
Norway, the United Kingdom, and Finland for the purpose of forced
prostitution. Estonian men were trafficked within the country for forced
labor, specifically forced criminal acts and to Ukraine for forced labor in
the construction industry. - U.S.
State Dept Trafficking in Persons Report, June, 2009
[full
country report] |
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CAUTION: The following
links have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Ambassador Joseph M. DeThomas'
opening remarks at The Estonian Women's Studies and Resource Centre
Conference Radisson SAS Hotel, Tallinn Wednesday, February 18, 2004 Embassy of the At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 5 September 2011] It should not be
that up to twenty thousand people a year are trafficked into my country. It
should not be that their fate is shared by perhaps 800 thousand people a year
trafficked in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. It should not be that
the third largest source income for organized crime (after the sale of drugs
and guns) is the sale of human beings. Some number of those human beings is
Estonian. I do not know how many, but I know that it should not be that any
Estonian is lost to this practice. Second, we need to
protect and rehabilitate victims. One of the great obstacles to ending this
practice is that, once they are entrapped, the victims are treated as
lawbreakers. This gives the traffickers a weapon of coercion. It means that
law enforcement authorities tend to ignore their charges and fail to protect
them so that they can testify. It means that victims feel trapped by a lack
of opportunities for rehabilitation. Third, we need to
prevent the crime. Criminals do not kidnap the majority of victims of
trafficking in Europe, nor do friends or relatives sell them into their fate.
(This does happen on a massive scale elsewhere in the world.) They are duped
into participating. Many young women, boys and girls are duped into believing
they are being recruited to honest work abroad. Once they accept offers from
these recruiters, they are trapped. This is happening as we speak in this
country. We need to warn and educate people about this practice. ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of Labor’s 2003 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2003/estonia.htm [accessed 4 February 2011] GOVERNMENT
POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO ELIMINATE THE WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR - From 1998 to 2000,
the Government of Estonia participated in a European Commission
anti-trafficking initiative called the STOP Project. The second phase of the project, “Minors in
the Sex Trade,” promoted networking among law enforcement officials in INCIDENCE AND
NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Children are engaged in prostitution in Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61646.htm [accessed 4 February 2011] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS
– A recent study carried out by the International Organization for Migration
(IOM) in which more than 160 domestic and international sources (including
EUROPOL, INTERPOL, law enforcement, NGOs, IOM, and governmental ministries
from the region) participated, estimates that the number of women and
children trafficked into, through, and from the country between 2001 and 2004
was below 100. Women and minors were trafficked from the country to Nordic
countries and Western Europe or in or to The trafficking
pattern appeared to be unchanged from recent years. Travel-friendly
regulations, short distances, low travel costs, and the draw of legitimate
employment make the Nordic and EU countries easier destination points for
traffickers. The traffickers were individuals, small groups, and organized
criminals who ran the prostitution industry and mainly lured victims with the
promise of legitimate employment and/or the opportunity to live and study
abroad. The traffickers tended to befriend the victims or attempted to pass
themselves off as legitimate job mediators. Due to fairly liberal travel
regulations around the region, false documentation was not always necessary. Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,
31 January 2003 sim.law.uu.nl/SIM/CaseLaw/uncom.nsf/0/bfa2f61011a4a1de41256d04004c6028?OpenDocument [accessed 4 February 2011] [36] The Committee
is concerned that there is no effective system for the screening of foster or
adoptive parents, including national standards and efficient mechanism to
prevent the sale and trafficking of children, to review, monitor and follow
up the placement of children, and collect statistics on foster care and
adoption, including inter-country adoption. [48] The Committee
is concerned at the insufficient information and awareness of the extent of
commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking of children. It is also
concerned that there is no specific prohibition in law of trafficking in
human beings, including for the purpose of prostitution. Protection Project Country
Report on The www.protectionproject.org/human_rights_reports/report_documents/estonia.doc [Last accessed 2009] FORMS OF TRAFFICKING - Estonian women
are trafficked for several purposes. Often the women are forced to work in
prostitution, as domestic workers, nannies, dancers, striptease dancers, or
waitresses or to become brides for the purposes of sexual and labor
exploitation. Women and minors respond
to job opportunities that they see in newspapers or hear about through
acquaintances. Young girls are also lured by recruiters posing as boyfriends. The victims of trafficking from Estonia
are often members of the Russian-speaking community in the northeastern
portion of the country. Freedom House
Country Report - Political Rights: 1 Civil Liberties: 1 Status: Free 2009 Edition www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2009/estonia [accessed 26 June 2012] Stop Violence Against Women – Country Page The Advocates for Human Rights, September,
2008 [accessed 4 February 2011] Library of Congress Call Number DK502.35
.E86 1996 lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/eetoc.html [accessed 4 February 2011] Project for the Prevention of Adolescent
Trafficking The International Organization for
Adolescents (IOFA), NGO Living for Tomorrow, and AIDS-I www.policy.hu/kalikov/DATABASE%20ESTONIA/PPAT-_Estonia.html [accessed 4 February 2011] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - This project
proposes to replicate in Estonia the successful Project for the Prevention of
Adolescent Trafficking in Latvia (PPAT-Latvia) currently sponsored by the
United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM). PPAT-Estonia is being
developed in response to a growing body of evidence which indicates that 1)
trafficking is a burgeoning problem in Estonia, 2) the problem of trafficking
is not being adequately addressed in Estonia, and 3) victims of trafficking
in Estonia tend to be under the age of 25. The goal of this project is
to prevent the trafficking of adolescents in Estonia by raising awareness and
educating youth about the issue of human trafficking and forced labor.
The project will also focus on building the capacity of local youth serving
NGOs to educate youth on the issue of human trafficking and work to increase
the cooperation between NGOs and the Estonian government on the issue of
combating human trafficking. Ambassador Joseph M. DeThomas'
opening remarks at The Estonian Women's Studies and Resource Centre
Conference Radisson SAS Hotel, Embassy of the At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 5 September 2011] It should not be that
up to twenty thousand people a year are trafficked into my country. It should
not be that their fate is shared by perhaps 800 thousand people a year
trafficked in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. It should not be that
the third largest source income for organized crime (after the sale of drugs
and guns) is the sale of human beings. Some number of those human beings is
Estonian. I do not know how many, but I know that it should not be that any
Estonian is lost to this practice. Second, we need to
protect and rehabilitate victims. One of the great obstacles to ending this
practice is that, once they are entrapped, the victims are treated as
lawbreakers. This gives the traffickers a weapon of coercion. It means that
law enforcement authorities tend to ignore their charges and fail to protect
them so that they can testify. It means that victims feel trapped by a lack
of opportunities for rehabilitation. Third, we need to
prevent the crime. Criminals do not kidnap the majority of victims of
trafficking in Europe, nor do friends or relatives sell them into their fate.
(This does happen on a massive scale elsewhere in the world.) They are duped
into participating. Many young women, boys and girls are duped into believing
they are being recruited to honest work abroad. Once they accept offers from
these recruiters, they are trapped. This is happening as we speak in this
country. We need to warn and educate people about this practice. Joint East West Research On Trafficking In
Children For Sexual Purposes In Edited by: Muireann
O’Briain, Anke van den
Borne, and Theo Noten, ECPAT Europe Law Enforcement
Group, www.childcentre.info/projects/traffickin/dbaFile11169.pdf [accessed 4 February 2011] [page 30 & 31] MIGRATION - The desire of
young people to change their future by migrating and working abroad is
another risk factor. Many children are not aware of their rights, lack information
and do not know the legal procedures for travelling abroad, and the risks
related to migration. The search for adventure, idealised
notions about living abroad, and success stories from those who return from
abroad encourage risk-taking. Very importantly, the reports note the risks to
children who may have migrated normally with their families or voluntarily on
their own, but who end up in foreign countries without any protections, and
so become extremely vulnerable to exploitation and trafficking. They get
involved in petty crime and move into prostitution as a survival strategy, or
because they are found by someone who will exploit them. Many people, and
especially young people, are migrating because of the lack of opportunities
for them in their own countries. The fall of the ‘Iron Curtain’ and the links
with countries of the European Union have opened up both borders and travel
opportunities, and at the same time the increasing gap between rich and poor,
the growth of international organised crime, and
corruption, provide their own incentives or opportunities. Another issue
highlighted in some reports is the lack of migration policies on the part of
governments which would help young people to migrate safely. The Belarus
report mentions that less than 5% of those who want to leave the country had
adequate information about employment outside the country. The Estonian,
Romanian and Ukraine reports also refer to this lack of information among
young people trying to emigrate. In such circumstances, it is not surprising
that young people are vulnerable to sexual exploitation. On the other hand,
research among 24 victims in Moldova by an NGO, CIVIS, found that half of the
young people had known about trafficking, but had hoped it would not happen
in their cases. Most, however, said that if they had been informed about the
dangers, they would have avoided the experience. Trafficking In Children For Sexual Purposes
In Child Centre for Children at Risk in the www.childcentre.info/projects/traffickin/estonia/dbaFile10778.html [accessed 4 February 2011] Aire Trummal has composed the Estonian country report TRAFFICKING IN
CHILDREN FOR SEXUAL PURPOSES IN Grants issued by the U.S. Embassy in
Tallinn Embassy of the At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 5 September 2011] q Combating Human
Trafficking in q Preventive-informative
campaign against trafficking in girls and women in the Baltic States … q To prevent the trafficking
of adolescents in Estonia by raising awareness and educating youth … q Participation of 11
Estonian officials from various ministries and also NGOs … q Prevention of Human
Trafficking q Combating
trafficking in women q Research and
Information on Trafficking in Persons in Estonia q Prevention of Human
Trafficking q To increase the
knowledge of primary school graduates of Valga and Jõgeva counties … q Anti-Trafficking
Hotline Service for Women Prevention of human trafficking in Estonia Child Centre for Children at Risk in the www.childcentre.info/projects/traffickin/estonia/ifid2406.html [accessed 4 February 2011] Human Trafficking is an increasing problem both in Articles (in
Estonian) can be downloaded on website of ENUT (The Estonian Women's Studies
and Resource Centre): http://www.enut.tpu.ee/ As future job-seekers, what do female high
school graduates in Child Centre for Children at Risk in the www.childcentre.info/projects/traffickin/ifid2389.html [accessed 4 February 2011] The present study
of the awareness that graduating female high school students have, as a group
at risk of being trafficked, is part of the campaign activity in All material
used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for
noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery - |
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Torture in [Estonia] [other countries]Human Trafficking in [Estonia Street Children in [Estonia] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Estonia] [other countries]