Human Trafficking in [Sudan Street Children in [Sudan] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Sudan] [other countries] |
Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery In the
early years of the 21st Century - 2000 to 2010 gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Sudan.htm
Sudanese women and girls are
trafficked to Middle Eastern countries such as |
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CAUTION: The following links have been
culled from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLES *** 880 Sudanese Slaves Liberated - Thousands Remain Enslaved
in Dr. John Eibner, The theseoultimes.com/ST/?url=/ST/db/read.php?idx=1462 [accessed 25 December 2010] Most of the returning slaves
documented by CSI reported gross abuse by their Arab Muslim masters. Among
the most widespread forms of abuse are beatings, death threats, work without
pay, forced Islamization and Arabization,
and racial and religious slurs. The majority of women and older girls said
they were raped or gang-raped while in bondage. A minority of the females
claim they were subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM) — a ritual that
is the cultural norm for Baggara Arab women. From Slavery to Freedom...Please read Ayiti Ap Bon,
01-22-02 www.haitiwebs.com/showthread.php?t=20504 [accessed 25 December 2010] Bok said he was captured by the
raiders and, along with two little girls, was placed on a donkey and carted
north. "The girls were crying, and when they did not stop after being
told to do so, a soldier pulled out his pistol and shot one of them," he
said. "The other girl kept crying, and then he shot her." Bok was taken to Kirio,
he said, where he was given to an Arab man, who presented him to the entire
household. They all beat him. "They always called me 'abeed,' which means black slave, and I had to sleep with
the cows," he said, adding that he was always fed leftovers from the
master's table. Michael Coren, Sun Media,
11/25/2003 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] Women and children abducted in
slave raids are roped by the neck or strapped to animals and then marched
north. Along the way, many women and girls are repeatedly gang-raped.
Children who will not be silent are shot on the spot. In the north, slaves
are either kept by individual militia soldiers or sold in markets. Boys work
as livestock herders, forced to sleep with the animals they care for. "Some who try to escape have
their Achilles tendons cut to hamper their ability to run. Masters typically
use women and girls as domestics and concubines, cleaning by day and serving
the master sexually by night. Survivors report being called "Abeed" (black slave), enduring daily beatings, and
receiving awful food. Masters also strip slaves of their religious and
cultural identities, giving them Arabic names and forcing them to pray as
Muslims." Widespread Gang-Rape of Boy Slaves Maria Sliwa, Freedom Now World At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 11 September 2011] During a recent fact finding trip
to Many of the redeemed slaves told Sliwa that in order to avoid rape, male slaves would try
to escape but were hunted down like animals by their masters. The punishment
for resisting rape is often severe beatings, death or limb amputation. Saudi Religious Leader Calls for Slavery's Legalization Daniel Pipes, Lion's Den, November 7, 2003 www.danielpipes.org/blog/2003/11/saudi-religious-leader-calls-for-slaverys [accessed 25 December 2010] Muslims, in contrast, still think
the old way. Slavery still exists in a host of majority-Muslim countries (especially
The challenge ahead is clear:
Muslims must emulate their fellow monotheists by modernizing their religion
with regard to slavery, interest and much else. No more fighting jihad to
impose Muslim rule. No more endorsement of suicide terrorism. No more
second-class citizenship for non-Muslims. ***
ARCHIVES *** Human Rights Reports » 2005 Country
Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61594.htm [accessed 25 December 2010] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS – There
were no informed estimates on the extent of trafficking, either for jockeys
or for sexual exploitation. There were credible reports that tribal leaders
with government connections transported children to the There were credible reports that
intertribal abductions of women and children continued in the South. Victims
frequently became part of the new tribal family, with most women marrying
into the new tribe; however, some victims were used for labor or sexual
purposes. As intertribal fighting in the South decreased, the number of
abductions also appeared to decline. The government acknowledged that
abductions occurred and that abductees were sometimes forced into domestic
servitude and sexual exploitation. The CEAWC and its 22 joint tribal
committees investigated abduction cases and sought to facilitate the safe
return of victims. CEAWC did not pursue legal action against abductors. CEAWC
reported that since 1999, 1,354 abductees were reunited with their families.
Credible sources noted that some of the CEAWC-facilitated reunions were
forced repatriations of persons over age 18 against the wishes of the
abductees. During the past 20 years, the LRA
kidnapped more than 20 thousand Ugandan children, took them back to the
southern part of the country, and forced them to become sex slaves, pack
animals, or soldiers. Many of the victims were killed. The LRA also abducted
citizens while raiding towns in the South. According to SPLM/A officials, on
November 21, suspected LRA rebels abducted 11 people in Concluding Observations Of The Committee On The Rights Of
The Child (CRC) UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 4 October 2002 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/sudan2002.html [accessed 25 December 2010] [61] The Committee welcomes the
work of the Committee for the Eradication of Abduction of Women and Children.
However, it remains concerned that the State party's legislation does not adequately
prohibit slavery or sanction those engaged in it and that thousands of
children have been abducted and enslaved in the context of the armed conflict
as well as for commercial gain (i.e. sold as servants, agricultural laborers
and concubines, or forcibly recruited as soldiers). Sudanese children abducted for fighting and sex-UN Reuters, www.reuters.com/article/idUSL0817452320070608 [accessed 26 December 2010] Children in Activists ‘Outraged’ over Upgrading Status of Hazel Trice Edney, National
Newspaper Publishers Association, www.globalsecurity.org/org/news/2005/051026-sudan-status.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] “The government of www.jihadwatch.org/2005/10/us-governments-elevation-of-sudans-slavery-status-challenged.html [accessed 26 December 2010] A State Department memorandum
justifying the Presidential Determination, dated 21 September, claims that
the Government of Sudan has made "significant efforts" to bring
itself into compliance with Neither the TIP office, nor the
Sudanese government, however, has been able to provide details of such
alleged measures. A Hero in Hell. Former Drug Dealer Frees Abducted Child
Soldiers in Maria Sliwa, Assist News Service
ANS, Nimule, ithinkimafundamentalist.blogspot.com/2005/10/this-guy-is-just-asking-to-have-movie.html [accessed 2 January 2011] In March of this year, a band of these
small predators attacked a group of women who were collecting firewood near
the border of The children of the LRA perform
these acts at the bidding of their adult counterparts and make up about 80
percent of the rebel group, according to the United Nations. The LRA has
kidnapped more than 20,000 children since 1988 and today its captives
constitute the largest army of child soldiers in For Robyn Dixon, www.amren.com/mtnews/archives/2005/03/for_sudan_slave.php [accessed 26 December 2010] The map of Majok’s
life is carved on his body in scars. They trace the vicious beatings, his
castration, the time he was left hanging by a rope around his neck. But grief
and trauma have erased nearly every other scrap of his boyhood story. 880 Sudanese Slaves Liberated - Thousands Remain Enslaved
in Dr. John Eibner, The theseoultimes.com/ST/?url=/ST/db/read.php?idx=1462 [accessed 25 December 2010] Most of the returning slaves
documented by CSI reported gross abuse by their Arab Muslim masters. Among
the most widespread forms of abuse are beatings, death threats, work without
pay, forced Islamization and Arabization,
and racial and religious slurs. The majority of women and older girls said
they were raped or gang-raped while in bondage. A minority of the females
claim they were subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM) — a ritual that
is the cultural norm for Baggara Arab women. Child Camel Jockeys Find Hope Lucy Williamson, BBC News, newswww.bbc.net.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4236123.stm [accessed 26 December 2010] Children from Pakistan, Bangladesh
and Sudan are still being smuggled to the United Arab Emirates to work as
camel jockeys, despite a law passed two years ago banning their use. It is not uncommon for child jockeys to
fall off and be injured while racing, and their illegal status means race
track owners are often reluctant to take them to hospital. Instead, says Ansar
Burney, the boys often arrive with broken hands or broken legs. And many, he
says, have been sodomized. Refugee From Maria Lenis, The Daily Pennsylvanian, 2 March 2005 [accessed 26 December 2010] Deng was given as a gift to an Arab
family, and he had no chance of trying to escape in a predominantly Arab
town. "We were treated like
animals," Deng said. Sudanese plead for 17 February 2005 www.cumberlink.com/articles/2005/02/17/news/news04.txt [access date unavailable] Abuk Bak was
10 when the Arab militia came for the farm animals her family raised. They attacked her village in southern From Slavery to Freedom...Please read Ayiti Ap Bon,
01-22-02 www.haitiwebs.com/showthread.php?t=20504 [accessed 25 December 2010] Bok said he was captured by the
raiders and, along with two little girls, was placed on a donkey and carted
north. "The girls were crying, and when they did not stop after being
told to do so, a soldier pulled out his pistol and shot one of them," he
said. "The other girl kept crying, and then he shot her." Bok was taken to Kirio,
he said, where he was given to an Arab man, who presented him to the entire
household. They all beat him. "They always called me 'abeed,' which means black slave, and I had to sleep with
the cows," he said, adding that he was always fed leftovers from the
master's table. Freedom House Country Report - Political Rights: 7 Civil Liberties: 7 Status: Not Free 2009 Edition www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=363&year=2009&country=7708 [accessed 26 December 2010] Human Rights Overview Human Rights Watch [accessed 26 December 2010] Library of Congress Call Number DT154.6 .S93 1992 lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/sdtoc.html [accessed 26 December 2010] Black Sudanese Slaves Liberated CSI Urges UN Security
Council to Emancipate Slaves and Impose Oil & Arms Embargo www.ephrem.org/dehai_news_archive/2005/Nov04-Jan05/0230.html [access date unavailable] The 191 freed slaves, mainly women
and children, had been captured during Sudanese government-sponsored raids
against Black African villages in Slave interviews confirm a pattern
of severe physical and psychological abuse. Freed female slaves claimed to
have been raped and subjected to genital mutilation (FGM). Some freed boy
slaves also reported having been raped by masters. Sudanese Slave 'Crucified' by his Master Not Unusual in
Central African Nation Michael Ireland, Chief Correspondent, ASSIST News Service
ANS, www.assistnews.net/STORIES/2004/s04110038.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] "After brutally beating
Joseph on the head and all over his body, the master laid him out on a wooden
plank. He then nailed Joseph to the plank by driving nine-inch nails through
his hands, knees and feet. He then poured acid on Joseph's legs to inflict
even greater pain, and finally left him for dead." Genevieve Butler, AlertNet, www.mail-archive.com/ugandanet@kym.net/msg16344.html [accessed 26 December 2010] The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA),
a rebel group and religious sect, has been terrorising
northern Mende Nazer:
Fighting for Asylum Tekla Szymanski, Associate Editor, World
Press Review (VOL. 50, No. 01), January 2003 www.worldpress.org/Africa/856.cfm [accessed 26 December 2010] The United Nations estimates that
up to 15,000 Sudanese, primarily in southern Slavery in B.A. Robinson, Religious Tolerance, 5 August 1998 www.religioustolerance.org/sla_sud.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] OVERVIEW OF THE Some marauding, government-backed
militias, who are mainly from the Baggara tribe in
western Because of the civil war, tribal
animosities in the south have been aggravated. An ancient tribal practice has
once more become common: women and children are being abducted by rival
tribes. The victims are kidnapped and held until their relatives can scrape
up enough ransom money to buy them back. The Sudan Foundation, a non-Muslim
group, claims that "Outside those areas controlled by the Sudanese
Government, the old practice of inter-tribal feuding continues. In these
raids prisoners are taken, who must then be ransomed. What looks like the
purchase of slaves is actually the redemption of prisoners of war." The Sudan Peoples Liberation Army
(SPLA), which is fighting the Sudanese government, has raided villagers and
forced men and children to work as laborers or porters for the rebel army.
Some have been forcibly conscripted into the army. The Lucian Niemeyer, LNS Art, www.lnsart.com/Sudan%20Slave%20Story.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] Two million people have died in the
conflict, mostly civilians. In the center of this carnage a huge slave trade
is going on. Civilians, mostly women and children, with their husbands
slain have little ability to resist and are being sold into slavery to
the northern Sudan Muslims and the eastern emirates. The Peace FAQ: Slavery, Slaves - Frequently Asked
Questions Prof. Walid Phares,
before the www.peacefaq.com/slavery.html#arethe [accessed 26 December 2010] ARE THE ARABS STILL BUYING AND
SELLING AFRICANS?
- Religious persecution of Christians
in the Hundreds of slaves freed in Sudan World Net Daily WND, April 02, 2004 www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=37853 [accessed 26 December 2010] Over the past three weeks, the
organization says, 503 slaves, mainly women and children, were gathered from
government-run camps in northern Human Security in Report was by Mr. John Harker
for the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/E2-198-2000E.pdf [accessed 26 December 2010] HUMAN SECURITY IN INTRODUCTION - On October 26, 1999, Minister
of Foreign Affairs, Lloyd Axworthy and the Minister
for International Co-operation, Maria Minna,
announced several Canadian initiatives to bolster international efforts
backing a negotiated settlement to the 43-year civil war in MANDATE - a) independently investigate
human rights violations, specifically in reference to allegations of slavery
and slavery-like practices in HUMAN RIGHTS AND SLAVERY - Leonardo Franco expressed the
view that "the war and the pernicious strategies employed had also
revived and exacerbated the problems of slavery in the Sudan", and was
concerned about the plight of internally displaced persons, evidence that the
war was being conducted in disregard of the principles of human rights, and
the GOS bore the largest share of responsibility for violations. Mike Dottridge,
Director of Anti-Slavery, the world's oldest international human rights
campaign, said in an appeal to Sudanese President Bashir
early in 1999 that "the reality is that people being abducted from
communities in northern Bahr al-Ghazal by
government-backed militias are being exploited as slaves in the households of
militiamen and others." 56 Boy Slaves Freed from Cattle Camps Press Release from Christian Solidarity International CSI,
Abyei Mou (Sudan),
Nairobi, May 3, 2004 www.jihadwatch.org/2004/05/sudan-56-boy-slaves-freed-from-cattle-camps.html [accessed 26 December 2010] 56 boy slaves were liberated at
the end of April from the cattle camps of Arab nomads in the borderlands
between northern and southern Upon releasing the slaves, the
head of the Baggara cattle camps between the Bahr
el Arab and President Bush Urged to Help Free Sudanese Slaves Now;
Conditions Ripe for Mass Exodus of Slaves PRNewswire, [accessed 26 December 2010] Since 1995, CSI has facilitated
the liberation and return of slaves through an 'Underground Railway' based on
local Arab-Black African peace agreements. Over 6,000 women and children have
returned to their homes through this mechanism in the first half of this
year. However, tens of thousands of women and children remain enslaved,
according to community leaders in both Northern and My life as a modern-day slave Joseph Winter, BBC News Online, 26 January 2004 news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2004/jan/26/0248.html [accessed 26 December 2010] She was just 12 when one night her
village was targeted by Arab slave raiders, who snatched her away from her
loving family to be a slave in far away Michael Coren, Sun Media,
11/25/2003 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] Women and children abducted in
slave raids are roped by the neck or strapped to animals and then marched
north. Along the way, many women and girls are repeatedly gang-raped.
Children who will not be silent are shot on the spot. In the north, slaves
are either kept by individual militia soldiers or sold in markets. Boys work
as livestock herders, forced to sleep with the animals they care for. "Some who try to escape have
their Achilles tendons cut to hamper their ability to run. Masters typically
use women and girls as domestics and concubines, cleaning by day and serving
the master sexually by night. Survivors report being called "Abeed" (black slave), enduring daily beatings, and
receiving awful food. Masters also strip slaves of their religious and cultural
identities, giving them Arabic names and forcing them to pray as
Muslims." Dollars and sense Mike Dottridge, Director of
Anti-Slavery International, New Internationalist 337 August 2001 www.newint.org/features/2001/08/05/dollars/ [accessed 26 December 2010] This vast African nation has
become known increasingly for its civil war and human-rights abuses –
particularly slavery. Thousands of women and children have been abducted from
the South and enslaved in the North. For the past 15 years, in the midst of
civil war, one particular conflict zone, Saudi Religious Leader Calls for Slavery's Legalization Daniel Pipes, Lion's Den, November 7, 2003 www.danielpipes.org/blog/2003/11/saudi-religious-leader-calls-for-slaverys [accessed 25 December 2010] Muslims, in contrast, still think
the old way. Slavery still exists in a host of majority-Muslim countries (especially The challenge ahead is clear:
Muslims must emulate their fellow monotheists by modernizing their religion
with regard to slavery, interest and much else. No more fighting jihad to
impose Muslim rule. No more endorsement of suicide terrorism. No more
second-class citizenship for non-Muslims. Jihad Slavery: An Ugly Living Legacy Alyssa A. Lappen, Front Page
Magazine, 17 October 2003 www.israelforum.com/board/showthread.php?t=3981 [accessed 26 December 2010] The cruelty that Francis Bok experienced at age seven defies civilized human
conception. Today, Francis Bok
is not only free. He has educated himself. And he has fulfilled his father’s
dreams. He is like twelve men. He speaks for the enslaved Dinka
masses, still suffering Islamic razzias in Lucian Niemeyer, "Africa, The Holocausts of www.lnsart.com/Sudan%20Oilfields.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] There is a killing place in Africa
called the oilfields of the Thousands of slaves in Sudan BBC News, 28 May 2003 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2942964.stm [accessed 26 December 2010] More than 11,000 people have been
abducted in 20 years of slave-raiding in Dying to Leave Thirteen, www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/dying-to-leave/human-trafficking-worldwide/sudan/1460/ [accessed 26 December 2010] VICTIMS - Though frequent reports by
former slaves indicate that raiders routinely shoot male villagers, others
indicate that men are instead often used as soldiers or laborers by
government or rebel forces. Women and children are the most frequent victims,
used for domestic labor, sex, or as soldiers. Ages range from toddlers to
women in their mid-30s. Most are subjected to some form of physical or sexual
abuse. In SLAVERY IN Charles Jacobs, President of the American Anti-Slavery
Group, At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 11 September 2011] An instructive case is Widespread Gang-Rape of Boy Slaves Maria Sliwa, Freedom Now World At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 11 September 2011] During a recent fact finding trip
to Many of the redeemed slaves told Sliwa that in order to avoid rape, male slaves would try
to escape but were hunted down like animals by their masters. The punishment
for resisting rape is often severe beatings, death or limb amputation. Slavery and Slave Redemption in the Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, March 2002 www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/africa/sudanupdate.htm [accessed 26 December 2010] Human Rights Watch has long
denounced slavery in War and Slavery in Jok Madut Jok, www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/13478.html [accessed 26 December 2010] Jok emphasizes that the contemporary
practice of slavery in For Arab traders "the nation
of the blacks," or Bilad Al-Sudan, has
traditionally been the source of slaves. When the slave trade developed into
corporate enterprise in the nineteenth century, the slave-takers articulated
distinctions based on race, ethnicity, and religion that marked the black,
infidel southerners as indisputably inferior and therefore
"natural" slaves. Such distinctions have survived for decades and
have fueled various forms of oppression of the black south, even during those
periods when slavery has not been authorized by the government. When it is
authorized, as it is today, slavery then becomes the extreme form of this
systemic oppression. Slavery In New www.africansudanesesociety.freehomepage.com/custom4.html [accessed 26 December 2010] MODERN DAY SLAVERY - Modern day slavery first
emerged with the support of the government of DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT - In 1987, Dr.Ushari
Mahmoud co-authored an independent investigation
into a massacre in the Sudanese town of Slavery in Joe Madison, NewsMax, Feb. 13, 2001 archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/2/13/195405.shtml [accessed 26 December 2010]
A 13-year-old boy, Yak Kenyang Adeiu, had all his fingers cut off by his slave master.
Mawien Aher Bol had his finger cut off by his master because he lost
a goat.
Angot Wol Angra was attacked by her master's brother with a knife
when she lost a goat.
Arek Kiir had her
throat cut and her chest burned because she refused to give up her infant to
a slave master.
Agom Bol Akuei and her children were forced to carry a heavy load
of salt, looted by slave traders. She collapsed under the weight, and the
load of salt crushed her jaw. She received no medical attention. Garang Deng Yel and Athian Athian Athian had their arms
chopped off with an ax by slave owners when they went north to try to rescue
their enslaved wives and children.
A woman who walked with a severe limp recounted to me how she had been
gang-raped by her master and 10 others. When she resisted, the men violently
forced her legs apart, dislocating one of her hips from the joint. Is there Slavery in Anti-Slavery International, March 2001 At one time this article had been archived and may possibly
still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] 3. INFORMATION GIVEN TO
ANTI-SLAVERY'S REPRESENTATIVES BY INDIVIDUALS WITH PERSONAL EXPERIENCE OF
ABDUCTION 3.1 GABRIEL MUONG DENG, A YOUNG MAN
INTERVIEWED IN AD-DHA'EIN 58. I am from Warawar
[possibly Wedweil], near Marial
Bai (in 3.2 TESTIMONY OF BOL MANYUAT BOL, A
YOUNG MAN INTERVIEWED IN 65. At the time of my abduction I
was living in Akwat Ajok
village in 3.3 TESTIMONY OF AHOK AKOK, A WOMAN
INTERVIEWED AT 71. Our family was captured about
six years ago [i.e. about 1994] when we were already fleeing north and had
crossed into the North into Kordofan. I was
captured with my son, Akai, and my two daughters, this one called Abuk [present at the interview], who was about eight at
the time, and a younger one, about two. We were taken by a tribe called Humr [ie, Misseriya
Humr], who split the three of us up. The man who
took me subsequently sold me on to some other nomads to look after cattle,
for about 130 Sudanese Pounds. I had to look after their cows and spent about
six years with them before I managed to escape to Makaringa
village. 3.4 TESTIMONY OF MAYEL DENG MAJOK,
A YOUNG MAN INTERVIEWED IN NYALA 74. I am from Ajuang
near Aweil. I am about 16 years old now. I used to
look after cattle for my aunt. One day about two or three years ago some
raiders came, about 30 of them on horses. They caught me near where I had
been sitting with some boys under a tree. Six of us had our wrists tied and
were put in a horse-drawn cart. One of the other boys was called Makuch. Later on the same day three women were captured
as well. We all had to go with the horsemen, sometimes riding, sometimes
walking, for about six days, until we got to Sidam
village, where the nine of us were split up. A man called Al-Fadhl took me to his house in Ferdos
(a village near Ad-Dha'ein) by horse. He had five
relatives there. During the wet season I had to dig the ground, and in the
dry season look after goats. I learnt to speak Arabic from the others. I
slept in the house with the others, collected water from a deep well, which I
carried on a donkey back to the household, but generally had to eat by
myself. U.N. Fails to Censure United Press International UPI, archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/4/20/165110.shtml [accessed 26 December 2010] The United Nations' top human
rights body adopted a resolution Friday citing Anti-Slavery Anti-Slavery International, 2 November 2000 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] There have been reports from Slavery in the Sudan - A briefing by John Eibner Middle East Forum briefing by John Eibner,
Assistant to the International President of the Geneva-based Christian
Solidarity International (CSI), November 7, 2000 www.meforum.org/182/slavery-in-the-sudan [accessed 26 December 2010] In SLAVERY IN THE NAME OF JIHAD - One finds slavery and
quasi-slavery practices around the world, yet what makes slavery unique in Buying the freedom of slaves in Sudan Cable News Network CNN, At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] A global charity is fighting the
internationally condemned slave trade in The U.N. Finds Slavery in the David Littman, Representative of the World Federalist
Movement to the United Nations Office in Geneva, Middle East Quarterly,
September 1996, pp. 91-94 www.meforum.org/319/the-un-finds-slavery-in-the-sudan [accessed 26 December 2010] INTRODUCTION BY DAVID LITTMAN - A military regime espousing a
fundamentalist Islamic orientation came to power in the Dr. Ushari Mahmoud's
"Al Daein Massacre-Slavery Human Rights Watch/Africa Watch, ' www.thefileroom.org/documents/dyn/DisplayCase.cfm/id/190 [accessed 26 December 2010] DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT - Dr. Ushari
was detained shortly after the coup (June 30, 1989). In a letter to President
Jimmy Carter, written from Shalla Prison in Daufur dated April 5, 1990, he wrote: 'I have been
recently transferred to this prison after nine months of detention at Kobar prison in All material used herein
reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial,
nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE
RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES.
Cite this webpage as: Patt, Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking
& Modern-day Slavery - |
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Human Trafficking in [Sudan Street Children in [Sudan] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Sudan] [other countries]