Human Trafficking in [Canada Street Children in [Canada] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Canada] [other countries] |
Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery In the
early years of the 21st Century - 2000 to 2010 gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Canada.htm
Canada is a source, transit, and destination country for
men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual
exploitation and forced labor. Canadian women and girls, many of whom are
aboriginal, are trafficked internally for commercial sexual exploitation. NGOs report that Canada is a destination country for
foreign victims trafficked for labor exploitation; some labor victims enter
Canada legally but then are subjected to forced labor in agriculture,
sweatshops, or as domestic servants.
- U.S. State Dept Trafficking in Persons Report, June, 2009 [full country report] |
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CAUTION: The following links have been
culled from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLES *** Aboriginal women fair game for predators amid public
indifference Jim Bronskill and Sue Bailey,
The Brooks Bulletin, www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v05/n1499/a05.html?212 [accessed 27 January 2011] Untold scores of society's most
vulnerable members - young native women - have gone missing across the
country only to be forsaken by a jaded justice system and neglectful media.
The death and disappearance of aboriginal women has emerged as an alarming nationwide
pattern, from western serial murders to little-known Atlantic vanishings.
Grim statistics and anecdotal evidence compiled by The Canadian Press suggest
public apathy has allowed predators to stalk native victims with near
impunity. Human trafficking in Vancouver Magda Ibrahim,
The Westender, perb.ca/vbulletin/showthread.php?74529-Human-trafficking-in-Vancouver [accessed 31 August 2011] Women become trapped in sex trade
after being lured to city with false promises. Imagine being beaten, forced into sex work,
and told you’ll be killed if you try to escape. The constant threat of
violence means you’re too scared to go to the authorities, but even if you
did, there’s little chance of retribution for your attacker. This might sound like something that would
happen in a third-world country, or during some bygone era, but it’s happening
now in Vancouver, and is a reality for many victims of human trafficking. “I can’t understand why Canada
hasn’t successfully prosecuted a single person for human trafficking when you
look at other countries like the U.S., Australia, and the U.K.,” says Perrin.
“We’ve made the same commitments and been to the same conferences, but Canada
has been all talk and no action. We’re just beginning to turn the corner;
we’re where other countries we consider ourselves in the same league as were
10 years ago. We’ve had a decade of inaction on this and it’s allowed
traffickers to profit; we need to make it more risky and less profitable for
them.” Human Trafficking May Be Closer to Home Than We Think 2008-04-21 -
Source: miramichileader.canadaeast.com/front/article/271131 www.antitraf.net/home.php?mode=more&id=44&lang=en [accessed 27 January 2011] INTERNATIONAL
TRAFFICKING - Coming into DOMESTIC TRAFFICKING - Women are first befriended by a
recruiter who often becomes their boyfriend and then convinces them move to a
new city. The traffickers will use
threats; they may beat or gang rape the person or threaten to kill their
family — anything to keep them there.
"They wine them and dine them ... All of a sudden they are moving
from one city to another city. Once they get there they are sold and forced
to live on the street." ***
ARCHIVES *** Human Rights Reports » 2005
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61719.htm [accessed 27 January 2011] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS –
Thousands of persons entered the country illegally over the last decade. These
persons came primarily from East Asia (particularly China and Korea, but also
Malaysia), Central and South Asia, Eastern Europe, Russia, Latin America and
the Caribbean (including Mexico, Honduras, and Haiti), and South Africa. Many
of these illegal immigrants paid large sums to be smuggled to the country,
were indentured to their traffickers upon arrival, worked at lower than
minimum wage, and used most of their salaries to pay down their debt at
usurious interest rates. The traffickers used violence to ensure that their
clients paid and that they did not inform the police. Asian women and girls
who were smuggled into the country often were forced into prostitution.
Traffickers used intimidation and violence, as well as the illegal
immigrants' inability to speak English, to keep victims from running away or
informing the police. Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Rights of
the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 3 October 2003 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/canada2003.html [accessed 27 January 2011] [52] The Committee is also
concerned about the increase of foreign children and women trafficked into [53] The Committee recommends … Sex trafficking: a national disgrace “Invisible Chains: Reviewed by Julian Sher, Globe
and Mail, Oct. 15, 2010 [accessed 27 January 2011] The stories he documents are
heartbreaking: a 14-year-old from Perrin cites a report from From April, 2007, to April, 2009,
only about 30 people were charged with human trafficking in 10 family members charged in human-trafficking case Adrian Morrow, The Globe and Mail, October 8, 2010 www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/ontario/10-family-members-charged-in-human-trafficking-case/article1749707/ [accessed 27 January 2011 – access is now restricted] Out of work and impoverished, the
men from the town of Papa in western Hungary were offered jobs in Canada,
where they believed they could start new lives or at least earn enough money
to support their families back home. The RCMP say the reality they
faced after their new bosses picked them up from John C. Munro airport in
Hamilton was far different: housed in the basements of their employers’ homes
and fed scraps from the table, they were made to work long hours at
construction sites for no money. The family’s associates in Human trafficking count laid Gabrielle Giroday, www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/human-trafficking-count-laid-103697094.html [accessed 27 January 2011] The 38-year-old is accused of
taking the victim's identification and clothing, punching her in a fight and
stopping her twice as she attempted to run away, The Criminal Code describes a
trafficker in human beings as "a person (who) exploits another person if
they cause the victim to provide labour or service for fear of their safety
or the safety of someone known to them." However, the report did note there
have been at least 30 court cases where victims -- mostly women between 14
and 25 years old -- were trafficked within Human traffic twist Tamara Cherry, Sun Media, December 26, 2008 www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2008/12/26/7852636-sun.html [accessed 27 January 2011] A different picture emerged of a flesh
trade often thought of as foreign nationals tricked across borders. It became
apparent that Canadian women and girls were being victimized by Canadian men.
The first two human trafficking convictions -- one in May, another in
November, both from the Peel Regional Police vice unit -- involved domestic
trafficking victims who were forced to prostitute and hand over all their
earnings to pimps. The "rules" identified by police -- always
checking in with their pimps, meeting daily quotas, the list goes on -- were
strikingly similar across the board, when comparing the cases to the other
nine human trafficking charges Peel has before the courts. The first conviction, which
involved two teenaged girls -- one just 14 years old -- who worked seven days
a week and brought in hundreds of thousands of dollars for their trafficker,
created "a ripple that has reached every region of the country,"
Perrin said. Child prostitute alleges she was lured to Times Colonist, November 17, 2008 www2.canada.com/victoriatimescolonist/news/story.html?id=%202f361123-b251-4fc1-97d0-2c578968d52f [accessed 27 January 2011] A man released on bail in October
is back in custody after police discovered he allegedly lured a 14-year-old
female to work as a prostitute. She alleges that she met the
Victoria man over the internet. He lured her to Victoria from her family home
in the B.C. Interior from where she has been missing for three weeks. Once
here, he took control of her possessions, including identification and
wallet. She says that when she tried to leave, he beat her and threatened
her. Why Daphne Bramham, Vancouver Sun,
October 29, 2008 www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=815e5425-18e2-4e45-81d7-0e369203b0b5 [accessed 27 January 2011] Only one victim -- a child sold to
slave traders by parents -- came forward voluntarily. Fear, threats and
coercion probably kept some away. But,
Perrin says, in most provinces, especially Ontario and Quebec, it's almost
impossible to find any help. But since
the solicitor-general's office to combat human trafficking was set up two
years ago, there hasn't been a single victim rescued or charge laid. During the two years that Canada identified
31 trafficking victims, the United States found 17,000. It's not that Canada is clean; the
Americans have identified it as both a source and destination country for the
victims of slave traders. It's more
likely because Canada has no national strategy for finding traffickers, no
national plan for identifying and helping victims and little understanding of
who the victims are. Canada is
obviously doing many things wrong. Flesh trade targets natives - Young Aboriginal women used
as a sex commodity in cities across Canada Tamara Cherry, Sun Media, November 13, 2008 www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2008/09/29/6916776-sun.html [accessed 27 January 2011] "There's a total myth that
Aboriginal women either consent to or are born into the sex trade," says
Jo-Ann Daniels, interim executive director for the Metis
Settlements General Council in "It is Aboriginal girls and
women who are specifically targeted in this country to be trafficked, in such
huge numbers that it does not compare to any other population," Daniels
says. "We believe that it is the root source of Aboriginal women ever
being involved in the sex trade. We believe that Aboriginal women and
Aboriginal girls have been domestically trafficked now for, I would say
probably since the '50s when there began to be Aboriginal movement into urban
areas or there were more contacts between Aboriginal communities and
towns." YOUNG, NAIVE - Sethi
quotes an Aboriginal outreach worker as such: "Girls tend to believe in
the promises of the traffickers as they are young, naive and vulnerable in a
new and big city. They are unsuspecting of the motives of the traffickers, since
they belong to communities that have a culture of welcoming strangers." Foreign workers lured with lies Tamara Cherry, Sun Media, November 13, 2008 www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2008/09/30/6926301-sun.html [accessed 27 January 2011] DEBT TO PAY - Like many trafficking victims
who are smuggled into this country, these victims are, too, told they have a
debt to pay off. We found you a job, now you owe us some money. And there is nobody telling them
otherwise. "There’s nobody to
check up on them," Sikka says. With no official agreement obligating the
federal government to tell the provinces who, when and how many people are
arriving as temporary foreign workers or live-in caregivers, employment
standards branches across the country, no matter how good their intentions,
don’t have the necessary information to check up on workers, Sikka says.
"There’s no mandatory orientation done," she says.
"It’s absolutely, 100% necessary. I think it’s the primary thing we can
do to stop the types of trafficking that are going on in Western Canada
particularly." Debt bondage aside, workers can
fall into a "vicious cycle" of exploitation simply by not being
informed of their rights upon arrival, Sikka
says. Something as simple as informing
workers about the procedure of changing employers would be helpful for
foreign workers who are granted visas to work at one place, but upon arrival
in Canada, are shuffled over to different employers. By the time they figure out they are working
illegally, experts say, these workers may be hesitant to speak out about an
exploitive situation for fear of deportation.
"They can change employers if they want, but they’re just not
told," Sikka says. "Nobody informs them
they have to go through that procedure." UQ study looks at foreign sex worker exploitation and
human trafficking www.uq.edu.au/news/?article=16004 [accessed 27 January 2011] One of the major obstacles to
government policy making, program development by non-governmental organisations, and public awareness about the
exploitation of foreign workers and the trafficking in persons was the lack
of any reliable and comprehensive account of the nature and extent of this
problem, he said. Anecdotal evidence
and statistical estimates without a sufficient evidentiary basis were the
only sources of information currently available about Australia and Canada's
involvement in trafficking in persons.
This was in contrast to other countries where comprehensive accounts
of human trafficking were published annually by government agencies. Exploited workers Dale Brazao, www.thestar.com/News/Canada/article/488074 [accessed 27 January 2011] Skilled Filipino workers packed
into filthy house, denied pay, threatened with deportation It was 5:30 in the morning when
Edwin Canilang realized he had been bought and
sold. Crowded in the back of a van
heading north of Toronto with four other Filipino men last summer, the
skilled welder faced another unpaid day on a cleanup detail at a bottling plant. Some were pressed into service at
a water bottling plant, run by De Rosa's family. Others dug ditches or picked
up garbage around a large rural estate where De Rosa lives. The workers,
threatened with deportation, did every menial job thrown at them. None of the
work involved welding and plumbing, the trades that brought them here. Que. couple could face human trafficking charge in teen
prostitution case Dave Rogers , Canwest News
Service, www2.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=2410189b-25bf-47f0-9166-82af82b3ccfe [accessed 27 January 2011] Emerson was charged with 13
offences, including kidnapping, forcible confinement and procuring and living
off the avails of prostitution after the police gangs section discovered that
three teenage girls had been held captive for up to a year in a condominium
building in Gatineau, just across the Ottawa River
from the nation's capital. Investigators said Wednesday that
one 17-year-old girl they believed was an accomplice turned out to be a
victim who had been held prisoner for a year. Two other 17-year-old girls are
alleged to have been held for five to six months while they engaged in
prostitution. Gatineau's
Assistant Crown attorney Diane Legault said
Thursday the two accused likely will face new charges, including human
trafficking. In November 2005, the
Criminal Code was amended to make the "recruitment, transporting,
transferring, receipt, holding, concealment or harbouring
of a person, or the exercise of control, direction or influence over the
movements of a person for the purpose of exploiting them or facilitating
their exploitation" an indictable offence. SPECIAL REPORT: Human Trafficking - It happens more than
you think in Canada.com, July 21, 2008 www.canada.com/globaltv/ontario/story.html?id=c7ccee8e-c196-426a-a098-fa1d426ac0fe [accessed 27 January 2011] Slavery is alive and thriving in
the 21st century. While human trafficking is indeed a global issue, Canadian
citizens are often trafficked within their own country, enslaved, bought and
sold from province to province. Every situation is different; often victims
are lured into a horrific exploitive setting not by strangers but by someone
they know, a relative, a neighbor, or even a friend. Hundreds of thousands of children,
young men and women have vanished from their everyday lives -forced by
violence into a hellish existence of brutality and prostitution. They're a
profitable commodity in the multi-billion-dollar industry of modern slavery.
The underworld calls them human trafficking and it is all happening in our
country. Human trafficking a growing problem in Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, October 28,
2008 www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2008/10/28/bc-human-trafficking-number.html?ref=rss [accessed 27 January 2011] But Perrin said Canada's first
human trafficking conviction this summer did not involve a foreigner, but
rather a 13-year-old in the Greater Toronto Area who was bought and sold by
Canadian men on the popular online classified advertisement website Craigslist. In May, former Toronto man Imani Nakpamgi admitted in
court that he made more than $400,000 selling two underage girls for sex,
according to the Toronto Star. Both girls had been reported missing, either
by their family or child welfare officials. UPDATES ON BC man charged with human trafficking sentenced
to 15 months The Canadian Press, fightforjustice.blogspot.com/2008/04/bc-man-charged-with-human-trafficking.html [accessed 27 January 2011] During Ng's trial, provincial
court Judge Malcolm MacLean was told Ng brought women to Human Trafficking May Be Closer to Home Than We Think 2008-04-21 -
Source: miramichileader.canadaeast.com/front/article/271131 www.antitraf.net/home.php?mode=more&id=44&lang=en [accessed 27 January 2011] INTERNATIONAL
TRAFFICKING - Coming into DOMESTIC TRAFFICKING - Women are first befriended by a
recruiter who often becomes their boyfriend and then convinces them move to a
new city. The traffickers will use
threats; they may beat or gang rape the person or threaten to kill their
family — anything to keep them there.
"They wine them and dine them ... All of a sudden they are moving
from one city to another city. Once they get there they are sold and forced
to live on the street." Royal Canadian Mounted Police Report On Sex Slave Market
Prompts Recount Of Trafficking Victims Vittorio Hernandez, All Headline News (AHN
News), April 14, 2008 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 31 August 2011] Following the rediscovery of sex
slave rings in Rise in human trafficking largely unnoticed in Jonathan Montpetit, The Canadian
Press, April 09, 2008 [accessed 27 January 2011] Human traffickers
peddle young girls to work as sex slaves in Canadian cities for as little as
$2,000 - a situation most people believe only happens in foreign lands,
activists say. An increase in human trafficking
in Canada has gone largely unnoticed because Canadians think young girls
choose to take up the sex trade, according to Joy Smith, a Conservative MP
and longtime anti-trafficking activist.
“There are girls being sold in Montreal for $2,000,” Smith said. She pointed out that many dismiss
the scope of the problem by claiming sex slaves, who are mainly women, chose
to become prostitutes. “A lot of the
girls in brothels never meant to be in brothels,” Smith said. “They got there
because somebody threatened them and forced them into it.” Alleged victims of human trafficking ring in protective
custody Cynthia Reason, InsideToronto,
Jan 15, 2008 www.insidetoronto.com/insidetoronto/article/52096 [accessed 27 January 2011] Police allege the victims were
smuggled across the Canadian border using false Israeli passports, provided
by "the same criminal element from overseas," and then had their
documents taken away from them upon their arrival. Victims were then allegedly brought
to a safe house and held until they started to comply with their
perpetrators' demands - whether through threats of violence or allegations
that they owed their captors for bringing them to Canada. Police say they believe the
victims would be locked in isolated rooms, away from the general public and
away from each other, each day until around 6 p.m. A driver or chaperone
would then arrive to bring them to a location or locations to work as
prostitutes. When finished, they'd be brought back home and locked up again, Ervick alleged. Ervick said the sums of money exchanging
hands would vary on a case to case basis, but he alleged each young victim
could conceivably "bring in as much as $4,000 to $10,000 a week,"
but only be given a given small sum to live off. "These women are very
vulnerable, in a country that is not their own, where they don't speak the
language and are isolated both from the general population and from each
other," he alleged. www.eontarionow.com/provincial/2008/01/12/toronto-police-uncover-human-trafficking-ring/ [accessed 27 January 2011] Police say the victims came to Human-trafficking charges dropped www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=7551a78e-cf3d-4bd7-8872-b1bd9f9a9a96&k=52157 [accessed 27 January 2011] The couple's lawyer, Frank Pappas,
said "even Inspector Clouseau" could have
done a better investigation than the RCMP, who didn't interview the couple's neighbours, or the clerk at the depanneur
where the domestic bought phone cards to call overseas. "Had the RCMP investigated properly
from the outset, they would have realized that her assertion ... that she was
a prisoner was completely false," Pappas said. "Even Ray Charles
could have seen it." But Pappas said the whole thing
was a scam in order for Manaye to avoid
deportation. Social networking sites used for human-trafficking -
Hundreds of Albertans get targeted each year Andrew Hanon, Sun Media,
November 11, 2007 [accessed 27 January 2011] They do most of their recruiting
on social networking websites like Facebook and MySpace, choosing naïve or vulnerable victims for
“grooming” who are right around 18 years old in order to avoid detection by
authorities looking for predators after underage kids. After four or five dizzyingly
spectacular dates, the predator will invite her to a private party. She will be gang-raped and
subjected to unspeakable humiliation. She might be drugged. “Her ‘boyfriend’ will tell her what’s
expected of her,” Galvin said. “She’s told the event will occur anyways. She
can either fight or submit to it, but it’s going to happen.” She will be threatened with death if she
goes to police. Her family might also be threatened. Human trafficking an issue in Canada F. Loyie, www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=c1f9c216-3ba7-4e47-be78-2d5943638faf&k=96640 [accessed 27 January 2011] Human-trafficking is not issue
that gets a lot of attention in Human trafficking in Vancouver Magda Ibrahim,
The Westender, [accessed 27 January 2011] Women become trapped in sex trade
after being lured to city with false promises Imagine being beaten, forced into
sex work, and told you’ll be killed if you try to escape. The constant threat
of violence means you’re too scared to go to the authorities, but even if you
did, there’s little chance of retribution for your attacker. This might sound like something that would
happen in a third-world country, or during some bygone era, but it’s
happening now in Vancouver, and is a reality for many victims of human
trafficking. “I can’t understand why Canada
hasn’t successfully prosecuted a single person for human trafficking when you
look at other countries like the U.S., Australia, and the U.K.,” says Perrin.
“We’ve made the same commitments and been to the same conferences, but Canada
has been all talk and no action. We’re just beginning to turn the corner;
we’re where other countries we consider ourselves in the same league as were
10 years ago. We’ve had a decade of inaction on this and it’s allowed
traffickers to profit; we need to make it more risky and less profitable for
them.” Reforming Canada’s Record on Human Trafficking www.publicaffairs.ubc.ca/ubcreports/2007/07sep06/reform.html [accessed 27 January 2011] A young woman answers a job ad
that offers a prepaid air ticket and glamorous work as an international model.
She leaves home -- perhaps from a city in Eastern Europe or Southeast
Asia. Upon arriving in Canada, she
discovers to her horror that she has been lured into the sex trade and faces
“debts” that she must now pay off. Somehow she escapes her captors and looks
for help. The authorities detain, interrogate and then deport her. Until recently, this was how Canada
routinely treated human trafficking victims -- as illegal migrants, says
Benjamin Perrin, an assistant professor who joined the UBC Faculty of Law in
August. Organized Crime and Human Trafficking in Christine Bruckert Ph.D. &
Colette Parent Ph.D., Department of Criminology, for the Research and Evaluation Branch, Community, Contract
and Aboriginal Policing Services Directorate, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/PS64-1-2004E.pdf [accessed 27 January 2011] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - The review of the cases reveals
that, in spite of the judiciaries’ implicit acceptance of the official and
counter discourse vis-à-vis the trafficking of women for the purposes of
prostitution by organized crime, judgments are, for the most part, marked by
a lack of sensitivity to the cultural, economic and social reality of
undocumented migrant workers generally and to the reality of exploitation,
violence and stigma experienced by sex trade workers more specifically.
Moreover the documents are interpreted in a manner that renders the majority
of claimants outside the discourse and hence not entitled to the
consideration afforded ‘victims’. In particular the extrajudicial and
potentially moral question of whether the women knew they would be working in
the sex trade is rendered significant. It would appear that embedded in the
sex slave/sex worker dichotomy is another dualism – innocent/culpable.
Therefore women who are unaware that they will participate in the trade are
potentially protected while women who experience severe labour abuse are held
accountable for their situation regardless of the exploitation they may
experience. In short the ‘sex slave’ discourse may operate against the
interests of many irregular migrant sex trade workers by obscuring their
exploitation at the same time as it renders exploitation the defining
characteristic of others. Citizenship and Immigration [accessed 27 January 2011] The Honourable
Diane Finley, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, today introduced new
measures to help assist victims of human trafficking brought into Canada from
abroad. The new measures extend the
length of the temporary resident permit (TRP) for victims of human
trafficking to 180 days, up from 120. This extension also allows victims to
apply for a work permit - an option not previously available. The new measures will also continue to
allow victims of human trafficking to receive health-care benefits, including
medical treatment and counselling services, under the Interim Federal Health
Program. F1 fuels human trafficking, activists say S. Montgomery, The Gazette ( www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=2d953737-bd6e-4f81-b64c-c2755eb489cc [accessed 27 January 2011] Last year, Falling Short of the Mark: An International Study on the
Treatment of Human Trafficking Victims [PDF] The Future Group, March 2006 www.oas.org/atip/canada/Fallingshortofthemark.pdf [accessed 27 January 2011] The situation in Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, January 8,
2007 www.cbc.ca/canada/manitoba/story/2007/01/08/human-traffic.html [accessed 27 January 2011] The average model is 14 years old,
the Winnipeg-based Crawford said, and some of them are vulnerable to abuse by
recruiters, agents and photographers. Crawford says she has seen or
heard of girls being raped, used as prostitutes or sent to work in
bars. Ewatski
acknowledged that human trafficking as a crime has come to Winnipeg, although
not to the same extent as larger centres such as Vancouver
and Montreal. MP calls for action to combat human trafficking Canwest News Service, www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=827e2ece-6b58-49d3-9733-a1a77451366d&k=7165 [accessed 27 January 2011] Smith explained that women from
other countries are promised a better life in Human-trafficking bill introduced Click [here]
to connect to the article. Its URL is
not displayed because of its length [accessed 27 January 2011] A Canadian teenager signs up for a
modelling program and, unbeknownst to her parents,
is forced to have sex with strangers while travelling
in Local Sex Crime Conference Focuses On Human Trafficking City News, [accessed 27 January 2011] And the crime that so often
happens in the background is more present than any of us would like to think.
Numbers from the Mounties suggest between 600-800 people are
'trafficked' to Canada every year.
Many of those being victimized are prime targets for the despicable
entrepreneurs - young women from third-world countries that have high
rates of poverty, violence, illiteracy and political and economic
instability. But it's not just the
more stereotyped "sex slaves" that you often read about. While
that's number one on the list, the vulnerable can also become prisoners of
domestic servitude, the farming and fishing industry and sweat shops. Human trafficking not just a big city problem: RCMP Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, November 7,
2006 www.cbc.ca/canada/nova-scotia/story/2006/11/07/human-trafficking.html [accessed 27 January 2011] Human trafficking is becoming a
bigger concern all the time, he said, and it often involves forcing people
into the sex trade or making farm workers and nannies work long hours for
little money. MacIver
said it's not talked about much in small towns, so people may think it
doesn't exist. "They are not
aware of it and not educated about it," he said. According to the RCMP, between 800 and
1,200 people are victims of human trafficking in Canada each year, most
working in forced labour or the illegal sex trade. Human trafficking victims face immigration barriers Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, October 26,
2006 www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/10/26/human-trafficking.html [accessed 27 January 2011] Hundreds of children, men and
women believed to be bought and sold in Robert Freeman, Black Press, Oct 10 2006 put-kids-first.blogspot.com/2006/10/university-college-of-fraser-valley.html [accessed 27 January 2011] "We have to create an
environment in which it is safe for victims to come forward and seek
help," he said, keeping in mind that they are "seriously at risk of
reprisal or intimidation" from their captors here in Canada while their
families face "terrorism" back in their homeland. Successful human traffickers have
become adept at using various simple but very effective methods of
psychological control over their victims," Dandurand
said. "They know how to break a victim's self-confidence and
self-efficacy, crush their hopes, and condition them to resign themselves to
a life of exploitation in which they are trapped." Border guards uncover human trafficking network 22 June 2006 -- Source: www.pentictonwesternnews.com/portals-code/list.cgi?paper=102&cat=23&id=673681&more= www.pentictonwesternnews.com/portals-code/list.cgi?paper=102&cat=23&id=673681&more= [accessed 27 January 2011] Six Korean women, who were
potential victims of human trafficking, have returned to Human Trafficking Could be Huge Issue During 2010 Olympics Camille Bains, Canadian Press
CP, December 09, 2006 tfgwebmaster.site.aplus.net/wwwthefuturegrouporg/id44.html [accessed 27 January 2011] Typically, traffickers lure women
with promises of jobs that will supposedly pay them many times what they
would earn in their home country. But
the reality is they’re forced to work as prostitutes in massage parlours and must repay thousands of dollars in debt for
living expenses and forged passports.
Non-governmental organizations say women are sometimes kidnapped,
beaten and drugged before being brought to Canada for an industry that
involves low risk and high profits for the traffickers. Government and police officials are aware
of the problem and concerned about the potential the Games pose for
traffickers. Press Review For May 12, 2006 geo.international.gc.ca/canada_un/ottawa/canada_un/unupdate-en.asp?id=6526&content_type=2 [Last access date unavailable] HEADLINES - HUMAN TRAFFICKING: [scroll down to the story] The Future Group, a Canadian NGO, said in March that Ottawa did a terrible job of helping human trafficking victims and usually deported them. Immigration Minister Monte Solberg, who said the report "was a wake-up call", said victims would be given temporary residence permits valid for 120 days and were eligible for health-care benefits. At the end of that period they could either return to their home country or apply for another permit valid for up to five years. New government revisits visas for exotic dancers Hannah James, The Online Reporter, www.fims.uwo.ca/olr/feb2206/trafficking.html [accessed 27 January 2011] The new application stipulates
changes to the employment contracts, making work in Terry Vanderheyden, LifeSiteNews, www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2006/mar/06030209 [accessed 27 January 2011] Of the countries evaluated:
Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the
United States, only Canada and the UK failed to meet their obligations to
protect victims under the United Nations Trafficking Protocol and
international best practices. Child-sex ring uncovered in Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, November 2,
2005 www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2005/11/02/child-sex-051102.html [accessed 27 January 2011] Sgt. Kelly Dennison said about 20
girls – aged 12 to 17 – were sold into prostitution. Dennison said the other children younger
than age 12, including a baby of only 18 months, weren't necessarily forced
to perform sexual acts but may have been exposed to them because they lived
in the houses where they were taking place. MP tears strip off Liberals, Feds continue to allow
exploitation, Tory says whatsakyer.mu.nu/archives/2005_11.php [accessed 27 January 2011] [scroll down to November 02, 2005] Diane Ablonczy
accused the government of misleading Canadians last year when it claimed to
be "canceling" the controversial policy of issuing temporary work
permits to exotic dancers based on a labor market opinion from the Human
Resources department. But the
"sordid truth" is that the welcome mat is still rolled out to
foreign strippers, she told the House, citing a Sun story over the weekend. Aboriginal women fair game for predators amid public
indifference Jim Bronskill and Sue Bailey,
The Brooks Bulletin, www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v05/n1499/a05.html?212 [accessed 27 January 2011] Untold scores of society's most
vulnerable members - young native women - have gone missing across the
country only to be forsaken by a jaded justice system and neglectful media.
The death and disappearance of aboriginal women has emerged as an alarming
nationwide pattern, from western serial murders to little-known Atlantic
vanishings. Grim statistics and anecdotal evidence compiled by The Canadian
Press suggest public apathy has allowed predators to stalk native victims
with near impunity. Human trafficking charges laid in
B.C. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, April 14, 2005 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 4 September 2011] A man in The Protection Project - The www.protectionproject.org/human_rights_reports/report_documents/canada.doc [Last accessed 2009] FORMS OF TRAFFICKING - Most of the Chinese, Korean,
Malaysian, and Thai women found in raids on brothels, massage parlors, and
karaoke bars across the country have told police that an agent in their home
countries charged them for transportation to Freedom House Country Report - Political Rights: 1 Civil Liberties: 1 Status: Free 2009 Editiion www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&year=2009&country=7581 [accessed 27 January 2011] Human Rights Overview by Human
Rights Watch – Defending Human Rights Worldwide [accessed 27 January 2011] Hundreds of foreigners lured in sex trade: RCMP Canadian Press, www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/Canada/20041207/sex_trade_041206/ [accessed 27 January 2011] At least 600 foreign women and
girls are coerced into joining the Canadian sex trade each year by human
traffickers, says a newly declassified RCMP report. As many as 2,200 other newcomers are
smuggled into the United States from Canada to toil in brothels, sweatshops,
domestic jobs or construction work, estimates the intelligence assessment
obtained by The Canadian Press. And
the RCMP says the numbers may represent just the tip of the proverbial
iceberg, as it is widely believed only one in 10 victims of trafficking
report the crime to police. Florangela Davila, 209.157.64.200/focus/f-news/1171283/posts [accessed 27 January 2011] A new report says Trapped in the traffic Elaine Pearson, New Internationalist - Issue 337, August
2001 www.newint.org/features/2001/08/05/trapped/ [accessed 27 January 2011] Several years ago S.F. parlor hit in crackdown on sex slave trade Phillip Matier & Andrew
Ross, San Francisco Chronicle, October 25, 2004 www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/10/25/BAGI69FFOC1.DTL [accessed 27 January 2011] The two later told investigators
they had been smuggled from The two women said they briefly
escaped in August, but were soon found by the manager and two other workers,
returned to King's and beaten. Trafficking in Persons Department of Justice, Canada, 2007-06-14 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 4 September 2011] LINKS ·
Research / Academic ·
Canadian non-governmental organisations ·
Intergovernmental organisations and
initiatives ·
International non-governmental organisations
·
Federal departments and agencies members of the Interdepartmental
Working Group on Trafficking in Persons (IWGTIP) Helping Honduran Children Return Home At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 4 September 2011] With support from the Human
Security Program, the International Organization for Migration and Covenant
House (Casa Alianza) have begun a pilot project
that aims to repatriate and re-integrate Honduran street children who have
been trafficked to Canada and the
United States. Embattled minister promises changes to exotic dancer rules Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC News, November 25,
2004 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 4 September 2011] "When you talk to the women
who are so desperate for a way out of [their] countries they say, 'Please
keep this program because it does provide us with an opportunity – as much as
we may not like it or approve of it – a chance of a better life.'" Sgro says once
the women get to LifeSiteNews.com, www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2004/dec/04120102.html [accessed 27 January 2011] Today in the House of Commons,
Deputy Prime Minister Anne McLellan announced an
abrupt end to the Canadian scheme of arranging visas specifically for exotic
dancers, or strippers, which are used to fill positions at strip clubs in [accessed 27 January 2011] Other newly released information
from the Penn study shows that Trafficking in Women in Louise Langevin &
Marie-Claire Belleau, Status of Women www.docstoc.com/docs/2369049/Trafficking-in-Women-in-Canada-A-Critical-Analysis-of-the-Legal [accessed 27 January 2011] This report analyses the legal
framework governing the hiring of immigrant live-in caregivers and the legal
status of mail-order brides who immigrate to All material used herein
reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial,
nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE
RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES.
Cite this webpage as: Patt, Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking
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Human Trafficking in [Canada Street Children in [Canada] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Canada] [other countries]