Human Trafficking in [Tanzania] [other countries]Street Children in [Tanzania] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Tanzania |
Child Prostitution The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of
Children In the early years of the 21st Century -
2000 to 2010 gvnet.com/childprostitution/Tanzania.htm
|
||
|
CAUTION: The following links and accompanying text have been culled
from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Over 36,000 trapped young girls saved Sunday Observer, 06 July 2008 www.ecpat.net/EI/resource_newsclippings.asp?id=136 [accessed 28 July 2011] ``The organised
system that recruits girls into prostitution can involve ringleaders, but it
is often the children themselves who recruit their siblings, friends or
children living with them in the same house, neighbourhood
or in the streets to engage in prostitution. ``In opposition to Tanzania?s cultural norms, desperate parents have had
their priorities impacted by their circumstances, and thus welcome this sort
of trafficking, knowing they then have a guaranteed wage earner -they give up
some of their daughters,`` it reveals. ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on the Worst Forms
of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/tanzania.htm [accessed 28 December 2010] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Girls as young as 7 years, and increasingly boys, are reportedly
victims of commercial sexual exploitation. Children from Human Rights Reports » 2005
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61596.htm [accessed 28 December 2010] CHILDREN - The law criminalizes child
prostitution, and sexual exploitation and trafficking in persons, including
children, were problems. There were cases in which children engaged in
prostitution for economic survival with the involvement and knowledge of
family members. TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS - During
the year the government took steps to protect trafficking victims, within the
limits of its resources. Local police and officials from the Social Welfare
Department identified and informally referred child trafficking victims to
NGOs that worked with street children and child prostitutes, provided small
donations of food and other goods to these NGOs, and identified land
available for building new shelters. The government cooperated with the
International Organization for Migration's plans for a rehabilitation center
between Local government officials
participated in district committees that identified children vulnerable to or
involved in the worst forms of child labor, including prostitution and forced
domestic labor. From January 2002 through June, more than 26 thousand
children were prevented or withdrawn from the worst forms of child labor in
mining, domestic labor, commercial agriculture, and commercial sex. These children were referred for
protection services offered by the International Labor Organization (ILO),
including rehabilitation, education, and alternative training. During the
year 60 out of 90 labor officers nationwide received intensive 3-month
training on the new labor laws and application of child labor provisions, as
well as on recognizing the worst forms of child labor such as prostitution
and forced labor. The Ministry of Home Affairs coordinated an inter-ministerial
committee on trafficking, but it met only once during the year. Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Rights of
the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 8 June 2001 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/tanzania2001.html [accessed 28 December 2010] [62] The Committee remains
concerned about the large and increasing number of child victims of
commercial sexual exploitation and sex tourism, including prostitution and
pornography. Concern is also expressed at the insufficient programs for the
physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration of child victims
of such abuse and exploitation. Revealed: The dark side of Reinier Carabain,
Sunday Observer, mwanzanewsblog.blogspot.com/2008/09/revealed-dark-side-of-mwanza-street.html [partially accessed 28 July 2011] SEX FOR FOODS - Living independently at a very
tender age makes children more vulnerable to or places them at higher risk
from both physical and sexual abuse. Cases of girls being raped and boys
being sodomized by force are not hard to find. In Mwanza, the
street boys had consensual sex with and raped street girls, in addition to
practicing ``kunyenga? (slang for nonconsensual,
anal-penetrative sex) among themselves as an initiation rite, which allows
one to become a member of a group and gives ones access to group
secrets`. But sex-for-food practices
(survival sex) did not appear to be regular occurrence among the
self-provisioning practices of street boys in Mwanza. Sex plays a much larger and more central
role in the lives of street girls than of boys, especially after puberty. Around the Soko
Kuu market and the bus station of Mwanza, prostitutes offer their services for less than
10,000 Tanzanian Shilling. The
majority of the street children abhorred to observe people having sexual
intercourses and shivered from the stories they heard from other street
children, who had been raped by older, stronger and bigger street boys. These older street boys operate in groups
and choose mainly smaller street boys as their targets. Especially small
street children, sleeping without any strong associates or protection from
local watchmen, have been simple targets of forced rapes. In fact, despite the warnings from other
street children, all the participants in both focus groups have been
rape-victims of older, stronger and bigger street boys as well. They had their first sexual experience,
either forced or voluntarily, between the age of nine and twelve years
old. Extraordinarily, certain street
children were encouraged by their first (forced) sexual experiences; they
explored more about sexual proceedings and practiced sex with other street
children. Even a few street children
became more or less sex-addicted, others carried out survival sex?; to
acquire food in exchange for sexual services. – sccp Over 36,000 trapped young girls saved Sunday Observer, 06 July 2008 www.ecpat.net/EI/resource_newsclippings.asp?id=136 [accessed 28 July 2011] ``The organised
system that recruits girls into prostitution can involve ringleaders, but it
is often the children themselves who recruit their siblings, friends or
children living with them in the same house, neighbourhood
or in the streets to engage in prostitution. ``In opposition to Tanzania?s cultural norms, desperate parents have had
their priorities impacted by their circumstances, and thus welcome this sort
of trafficking, knowing they then have a guaranteed wage earner -they give up
some of their daughters,`` it reveals. Former journalism student reflects on Tanzania’s
challenges Victor Lugala, Daily News,
January 20, 2007 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 28 July 2011] Not far from the dance halls,
there was a negative street phenomenon that has overtaken Mwanza
and authorities seem not to care, although they notice. As early as 10 pm you
can see a group of girls standing under lamp posts. Some of these girls are
probably as young as ten years old, dressed like young adults in tight
trousers while others are skimpily dressed in cheap mitumba
(second-hand clothes). When a car approaches they gesture
to catch the attention of the motorist. These are the child prostitutes of Mwanza. Some of these are said to be homeless children or
street children, if you like. During the day, they are seen as
street children, and at night they moonlight as commercial sex workers
serving pedophiles. In their nocturnal exploits these young flesh hawkers are
bound to be exposed to cruelty, abuse and infection with sexually transmitted
infections including HIV/AIDS. Migration body to monitor human trafficking impact [access information unavailable] She said, although there is no
statistics on the magnitude of the problem, many boys and girls are
trafficked from rural areas and are abused and exploited in domestic works,
mining and subjected to child prostitution. "Many girls are taken from Iringa and brought to major cities to work as housegirls but they end up being subjected to
prostitution and other works which they did not expect. CRC - Second Periodic Reports Of
States Parties Due In 2004 [DOC] UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Consideration Of
Reports Submitted By States Parties, 20 October 2004 www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/6170d4756cd4deb3c12570bc004fc2ff/$FILE/G0543723.DOC [accessed 28 July 2011] [287] The Government of Tanzania
adopted the Yokohama Global Commitment 2001 for protecting children from
sexual exploitation. In implementing the commitment, a time bound
program targeting the worst forms of child labor, including child prostitution,
has been launched. At one level, the program will support the creation
of an enabling policy environment to bring about the elimination of the worst
forms of child labor. The enabling environment strategy includes
supporting the development and implementation of complimentary education,
poverty reduction, adult employment creation, and health policies to name a
few. At the second level, a series of targeted interventions will be
made and aimed at highly vulnerable groups of children at district
level. At least 5,000 children from 11 districts in Five Years After ECPAT: Fifth Report on
implementation of the Agenda for Action ECPAT International, November 2001 www.no-trafficking.org/content/web/05reading_rooms/five_years_after_stockholm.pdf [accessed 13 September 2011] [B] COUNTRY
UPDATES – E. Kamala, E. Lusinde, J. Millinga, J. Mwaitula,
International Labour Organization ILO, International Programme
on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC), Geneva, November 2001 www.childtrafficking.com/Docs/ilo_2001__child_prostitutio.pdf [accessed 28 July 2011] EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY - EXTENT AND MAGNITUDE - The phenomenon of children engaged in prostitution is
growing quickly and steadily, and developing largely unnoticed. Moreover,
child prostitution is evident throughout the country, and highly pronounced
in major towns and at main truck stops along the highways where state,
administrative, military and commercial activities are highly centralized.
The mere existence of the market continues to promote the sexual exploitation
of children. The main customers of the children were common men, medium and
big businessmen, bureaucrats from public and private institutions, policemen,
tourists and foreigners. Prostitution involves quite a number of children who
are 10-17 years old, do not have families, have criminal records, have a
history of drug abuse and very few social skills, and lack parental guidance,
love, affection and care. ECPAT: CSEC Overview - www.ecpat.net/eng/ecpat_inter/Country/CSECOverview/Tanzania.html [Last access date unavailable] CSEC is increasingly organized;
with child prostitution networks mushrooming and victims themselves fostering
communication channels and mutual assistance to better avoid detention, legal
attention or abusive centers. There are major gaps between existing legal
provisions and enforcement practices. In fact, law enforcement personnel and
other segments of Tanzanian society are actively involved in perpetuating
CSEC either through sexual extortion, battery, rape and/or abuse of legal
position. Helping Children Reclaim Their Lives [PDF] 14 February 2006 www.tanzaniagateway.org/docs/reducing_childlabor_tanzania_through_Education.pdf [accessed 28 December 2010] DETRIMENTAL WORKING CONDITIONS - Young girls are often lured
away from their rural families with schemes that promise lucrative employment
in towns and cities, only to be exploited as underpaid domestic servants that
work as many as 16 or 18 hours per day. Domestic servitude in urban areas
also makes for an easy transition to child prostitution, which is a growing
industry in UN Integrated Regional Information Networks IRIN, DAR ES
SALAAM, 4 Jun 2002 At one time this article had been archived and may
possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 28 July 2011] A recent rapid assessment by the
International Labor Organization (ILO), an associate organization of the
United Nations, has found that child labor is "common" in Focus On Children www.dol.gov/ILAB/media/reports/iclp/bulletin/Sept2002.htm [accessed 28 July 2011] COMMERCIAL
SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN (CSEC) - Through the ILO, USDOL also funds a Timebound
Program in Wanyenda: A New Life for a Child Victim of
Prostitution Rose www.dol.gov/ilab/grants/sga0106/Tanzania-FeatureStory-Wanyenda.htm [accessed 28 December 2010] Only 13 at that time, she decided
to drop out of school and leave home, like many of her friends before her, to
escape difficult living conditions. It happened one day when she was going to
school and met a boy from a nearby village who persuaded her to escort him to
the town where he lived. The boy would bring home two or three of his friends
and force her to sleep with all of them for cash payment. She was tortured,
sexually abused and sometimes beaten by the boy if she refused to provide the
services. Whenever the boy was away, she received customers on her own in
order to earn some money for food. Life became unbearable. After 18 months
she decided to leave. Not knowing where to go, she began wandering the
streets. There she met other girls her age who took her to a brothel. All material used herein
reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial,
nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE
RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES.
Cite this webpage as: Patt, Prof. Martin, "Child Prostitution - |
Human Trafficking in [Tanzania] [other countries]Street Children in [Tanzania] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Tanzania